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, Available online , doi: 10.1007/s11769-022-1284-2
Abstract:
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has aroused rich discussions about the possible increase in carbon dioxide emission under the arduous global carbon dioxide emission reduction task. Adopting the methods of input-output technique and complex network analysis, we first construct a fairer method to trace carbon dioxide emission transfer based on global value chains, then trace the source of carbon dioxide emission transfer to the Silk Roads countries with a long-term multiple regional input-output database. We find that, first, after the proposal of the BRI, the total direct carbon dioxide emissions of the Silk Roads countries and China’s proportion of carbon dioxide emission transfer to the other Silk Roads countries have both declined. Second, the Silk Roads countries are generally the net receivers of carbon dioxide emission transfer, and the inflow is mainly distributed in Southeast Asian countries and core countries in other sub-regions. Then, the transfer of carbon dioxide emission accepted by the Silk Roads countries comes mostly from large developing countries, such as China, Russia, and India, and developed countries, such as the United States, Japan, and Germany. The products are mainly concentrated in energy and chemical industries, as well as heavy industries, such as mining and quarrying, and metal products. We suggest that, due to the high degree of spatial and industrial concentrations of carbon dioxide emission transfer, it is necessary to make targeted policies for these countries and industries to reduce these transfers.
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has aroused rich discussions about the possible increase in carbon dioxide emission under the arduous global carbon dioxide emission reduction task. Adopting the methods of input-output technique and complex network analysis, we first construct a fairer method to trace carbon dioxide emission transfer based on global value chains, then trace the source of carbon dioxide emission transfer to the Silk Roads countries with a long-term multiple regional input-output database. We find that, first, after the proposal of the BRI, the total direct carbon dioxide emissions of the Silk Roads countries and China’s proportion of carbon dioxide emission transfer to the other Silk Roads countries have both declined. Second, the Silk Roads countries are generally the net receivers of carbon dioxide emission transfer, and the inflow is mainly distributed in Southeast Asian countries and core countries in other sub-regions. Then, the transfer of carbon dioxide emission accepted by the Silk Roads countries comes mostly from large developing countries, such as China, Russia, and India, and developed countries, such as the United States, Japan, and Germany. The products are mainly concentrated in energy and chemical industries, as well as heavy industries, such as mining and quarrying, and metal products. We suggest that, due to the high degree of spatial and industrial concentrations of carbon dioxide emission transfer, it is necessary to make targeted policies for these countries and industries to reduce these transfers.
, Available online , doi: 10.1007/s11769-022-1283-3
Abstract:
The construction of a livable environment for the elderly is an important measure to address the challenges of aging and improve their livelihood and well-being. Based on China’s national conditions and combined with the actual development needs of the cities, it is of great significance to explore the coupling and coordination characteristics and influencing factors within the livable environment system for the elderly for the coordination and stable development. This article was based on the three subsystems of ‘living service environment, socioeconomic environment and ecological livable environment’, following the research framework of ‘process-pattern-trend-impact’, constructs an evaluation index system for the livable environment for the elderly. Entropy weight-TOPSIS evaluation model, coupling coordination degree model, center of gravity and standard deviation ellipse model and the geographic detector model were used starting from the evolution of coupling coordination types to study the spatial and temporal pattern and dynamic trend characteristics and influencing factors of internal coupling coordination types in the livable environment system for the elderly from 2010 to 2019. The results showed that: 1) The coordinated development of life service environment system and ecological livable environment system (LE) and socioeconomic environment system and ecological livable environment system (SE) in the livable environment for the elderly decreased from the intermediate coordination level coordination areas to the low-level quality improvement and optimization areas: coordinated transition type. The overall development level of life service environment system and socioeconomic environment system (LS) was low, and it was always at a low level. 2) The coupling degree of livable environment system for the elderly was high, the coupling coordination type shown a gradually decreasing layer structure with Zhejiang, Beijing and Guangdong high-level leading demonstration areas as the axis belt. 3) The coupling coordination center of the elderly livable environment system was located in Henan, and the standard deviation ellipse was distributed in the northeast-southwest direction. The development center and the ellipse of the high-level leading demonstration areas and the intermediate coordination level areas were concentrated in the central and eastern regions, while the low-level coordination areas for improving quality and efficiency are mainly located in the western region. 4) Urban development, green facilities, infrastructure, government macroscopic regulation and control, economic stimulus, and housing construction were all important factors affecting the coordinated development of the livable environment system for the elderly, exerting a varying degree of effect on the level of coordinated development of various types of systems.
The construction of a livable environment for the elderly is an important measure to address the challenges of aging and improve their livelihood and well-being. Based on China’s national conditions and combined with the actual development needs of the cities, it is of great significance to explore the coupling and coordination characteristics and influencing factors within the livable environment system for the elderly for the coordination and stable development. This article was based on the three subsystems of ‘living service environment, socioeconomic environment and ecological livable environment’, following the research framework of ‘process-pattern-trend-impact’, constructs an evaluation index system for the livable environment for the elderly. Entropy weight-TOPSIS evaluation model, coupling coordination degree model, center of gravity and standard deviation ellipse model and the geographic detector model were used starting from the evolution of coupling coordination types to study the spatial and temporal pattern and dynamic trend characteristics and influencing factors of internal coupling coordination types in the livable environment system for the elderly from 2010 to 2019. The results showed that: 1) The coordinated development of life service environment system and ecological livable environment system (LE) and socioeconomic environment system and ecological livable environment system (SE) in the livable environment for the elderly decreased from the intermediate coordination level coordination areas to the low-level quality improvement and optimization areas: coordinated transition type. The overall development level of life service environment system and socioeconomic environment system (LS) was low, and it was always at a low level. 2) The coupling degree of livable environment system for the elderly was high, the coupling coordination type shown a gradually decreasing layer structure with Zhejiang, Beijing and Guangdong high-level leading demonstration areas as the axis belt. 3) The coupling coordination center of the elderly livable environment system was located in Henan, and the standard deviation ellipse was distributed in the northeast-southwest direction. The development center and the ellipse of the high-level leading demonstration areas and the intermediate coordination level areas were concentrated in the central and eastern regions, while the low-level coordination areas for improving quality and efficiency are mainly located in the western region. 4) Urban development, green facilities, infrastructure, government macroscopic regulation and control, economic stimulus, and housing construction were all important factors affecting the coordinated development of the livable environment system for the elderly, exerting a varying degree of effect on the level of coordinated development of various types of systems.
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