1997年 第7卷 第1期
1997, 7(1): 1-10.
摘要:
The regularity of the distribution of higher categories in Chinese Soil Taxonmy(CST)were studied through analyzing the diagnostic horizons and characteristics and the variation of soil forming factors in China. The results indicate that the distribution regularity of higher categories in CsT is different for that in the past zonal classification, which is inferred on the basis of typical profiles and bioclimatic conditions. Among the 14 soil orders available in CST, 6 belong to the basic types, which shaw the regularly continuous distribution, and can be deduced into three larger groups: aridic, ustic and udic. The other 8 soil orders belong to the special types with the band-shaped, spot-shaped, chessboard-shaped, patch-shaped distributions and so on. Moreover, there is the regularity of vertical distribution in mountains.
The regularity of the distribution of higher categories in Chinese Soil Taxonmy(CST)were studied through analyzing the diagnostic horizons and characteristics and the variation of soil forming factors in China. The results indicate that the distribution regularity of higher categories in CsT is different for that in the past zonal classification, which is inferred on the basis of typical profiles and bioclimatic conditions. Among the 14 soil orders available in CST, 6 belong to the basic types, which shaw the regularly continuous distribution, and can be deduced into three larger groups: aridic, ustic and udic. The other 8 soil orders belong to the special types with the band-shaped, spot-shaped, chessboard-shaped, patch-shaped distributions and so on. Moreover, there is the regularity of vertical distribution in mountains.
1997, 7(1): 11-18.
摘要:
With respect to population, cultivated land, yield potential per unit area, consumption standard and so on, this paper discusses and analyses the main ideas and conclusions of the article "Who will feed China", and puts forward advantageous proposals. The author thinks that this should arouse our urgent and crisis feelings of developing agriculture and make us take feasible measures. Only doing so can we feed ourselves and can our cry get sustainable and stable development.
With respect to population, cultivated land, yield potential per unit area, consumption standard and so on, this paper discusses and analyses the main ideas and conclusions of the article "Who will feed China", and puts forward advantageous proposals. The author thinks that this should arouse our urgent and crisis feelings of developing agriculture and make us take feasible measures. Only doing so can we feed ourselves and can our cry get sustainable and stable development.
1997, 7(1): 19-29.
摘要:
This Paper, taking Nanhai City of Guangdong Province as an example, focuses on five interrelated aspects of the migrant labour force of China in recent years. Attention is initially paid to the background of the labour migration from inland towards coastal area. Then, the demographic characteristics of the migrant labour force are analysed before turning to the analysis on the rare for the migration. Fourthly, the impacts of the migrant workers on the socio-economic development of Nanhai City and the problems are examined. Finally, the prospects and some suggestions for the labour migration are put forward.
This Paper, taking Nanhai City of Guangdong Province as an example, focuses on five interrelated aspects of the migrant labour force of China in recent years. Attention is initially paid to the background of the labour migration from inland towards coastal area. Then, the demographic characteristics of the migrant labour force are analysed before turning to the analysis on the rare for the migration. Fourthly, the impacts of the migrant workers on the socio-economic development of Nanhai City and the problems are examined. Finally, the prospects and some suggestions for the labour migration are put forward.
1997, 7(1): 30-38.
摘要:
The earliest agricultural activities in Sichuan Basin can be traced hack to the middle Neolithic Age. hang the development process afterwards, the on and ha dynasties, the Sui and Tang dynasties, and the Northern Song Dynasty were three peaks of agricultural development. The various natural conditions resulted in a variety of agriculrural Patterns in Sichuan Basin. The drainage system Played a major role and always went before land and agricultural development in different historical periods. The wars and natural disasters in the end of the Ming Dynasty severely damaged the agricultural system. It was until the early and middle Qing Dynasty that many immigrants fm other provinces restored and promoted the agricultural activities in Sichuan Basin.
The earliest agricultural activities in Sichuan Basin can be traced hack to the middle Neolithic Age. hang the development process afterwards, the on and ha dynasties, the Sui and Tang dynasties, and the Northern Song Dynasty were three peaks of agricultural development. The various natural conditions resulted in a variety of agriculrural Patterns in Sichuan Basin. The drainage system Played a major role and always went before land and agricultural development in different historical periods. The wars and natural disasters in the end of the Ming Dynasty severely damaged the agricultural system. It was until the early and middle Qing Dynasty that many immigrants fm other provinces restored and promoted the agricultural activities in Sichuan Basin.
1997, 7(1): 39-46.
摘要:
Weinan section consists of Holocene soil SO, last glacial loess L1, and last interglacial soil S1, furtherly L1 can be subdivided into three layers of loess (L1-1, L1-3, and L1-5), and two layerS of weakly developed soil (L1-2 and L1-4). Based on studying the content variations of Carbonate, free Fe2O3, and the total organic content in Weinan section, the environmental evolution of this region has been discussed over the last glacial-interglacial cycle. Our results indicate that the chemical parameters can be ed as climatic proxy data, and the variations of these indexes reflect the cyclic nature of the Quaternary climatic change. In addition, the climatic records of Weinan section can also be correlated with that of the marine oxygen isotope records, so the environmental evolution of the Loess Plateau is also consistent with the global climatic changes. The unexpected finding is that the climatic curve of L1-5, which can be correlated with stage 4 of marine oxygen isotope records, consists of three troughs and two sandwiched peaks, and may suggest the existence of the second-order warmcold oscillations of this period.
Weinan section consists of Holocene soil SO, last glacial loess L1, and last interglacial soil S1, furtherly L1 can be subdivided into three layers of loess (L1-1, L1-3, and L1-5), and two layerS of weakly developed soil (L1-2 and L1-4). Based on studying the content variations of Carbonate, free Fe2O3, and the total organic content in Weinan section, the environmental evolution of this region has been discussed over the last glacial-interglacial cycle. Our results indicate that the chemical parameters can be ed as climatic proxy data, and the variations of these indexes reflect the cyclic nature of the Quaternary climatic change. In addition, the climatic records of Weinan section can also be correlated with that of the marine oxygen isotope records, so the environmental evolution of the Loess Plateau is also consistent with the global climatic changes. The unexpected finding is that the climatic curve of L1-5, which can be correlated with stage 4 of marine oxygen isotope records, consists of three troughs and two sandwiched peaks, and may suggest the existence of the second-order warmcold oscillations of this period.
1997, 7(1): 47-52.
摘要:
This paper firstly analyses the hydrologic characteristics of the major rivers around the Taklimakan Desert with the method of mathematical statistics. Secondly, structure features of annual runoff series of these rivers are discussed both in the domain and in frequency domain with the method of time series analysis. Fain the analysis, it can be learnt that the nature quantity of water in the rivers in this area is generally steady and the annual runoff series of rivers is mostly independment stationary random sequence. Therefore, this paper can Provide scientific basis for runoff variation law research and reasonal exploitation and utilization of water resource in this area.
This paper firstly analyses the hydrologic characteristics of the major rivers around the Taklimakan Desert with the method of mathematical statistics. Secondly, structure features of annual runoff series of these rivers are discussed both in the domain and in frequency domain with the method of time series analysis. Fain the analysis, it can be learnt that the nature quantity of water in the rivers in this area is generally steady and the annual runoff series of rivers is mostly independment stationary random sequence. Therefore, this paper can Provide scientific basis for runoff variation law research and reasonal exploitation and utilization of water resource in this area.
1997, 7(1): 53-58.
摘要:
Flash floods are the important events of the hydrological regime of rivers in arid areas. In the Tarim River, northwestern china, flash flood are being monitored. The observed data and investigation demonstrate the difference in time, place, fraquency and intensity of their occurrences. In this paper two main flash fled are put forward, they are rainstorm flash flood (RFF) and glacier lake outburst flood(GLOF). Two cases of flash flood in the two tributaries of the Tarim River presented in this paper. It analyses and compares the causes and the development of the two kinds of flash floods.Through further discussion about influence of flash floods on the main channel of the Tarirn River, conclusion can be drawn that the greatest flood in record of the main channel come from the GLOF of the upper reaches of the Kunmalik River, especially augmented by great ablation flood. Finally the advantages and disadvantages from flash floods to the environment of the catchment are demonstrated in the paper.
Flash floods are the important events of the hydrological regime of rivers in arid areas. In the Tarim River, northwestern china, flash flood are being monitored. The observed data and investigation demonstrate the difference in time, place, fraquency and intensity of their occurrences. In this paper two main flash fled are put forward, they are rainstorm flash flood (RFF) and glacier lake outburst flood(GLOF). Two cases of flash flood in the two tributaries of the Tarim River presented in this paper. It analyses and compares the causes and the development of the two kinds of flash floods.Through further discussion about influence of flash floods on the main channel of the Tarirn River, conclusion can be drawn that the greatest flood in record of the main channel come from the GLOF of the upper reaches of the Kunmalik River, especially augmented by great ablation flood. Finally the advantages and disadvantages from flash floods to the environment of the catchment are demonstrated in the paper.
1997, 7(1): 59-67.
摘要:
At present, China's economy developes very quickly and displays very bright future with the transformation of its development strategy from extensive production and management mode to the intensive hue. There is no doubt that industrial relocation as a long-term task he all round meaning and strategic significance both in capital construction and industrial renewal and remake to achieve such a strategic transformation. In this paper, the authors gave a general study on the Chinese industrial relocation in the light of the theory of industrial location and relocation and discussed five types of industrial relocation concerning factory development in scale, site and organization in China: factory-expanding, factory-converting & renovating, factory-removing & migrating, industry-substituting in a region and trace-reutilization of a factory.
At present, China's economy developes very quickly and displays very bright future with the transformation of its development strategy from extensive production and management mode to the intensive hue. There is no doubt that industrial relocation as a long-term task he all round meaning and strategic significance both in capital construction and industrial renewal and remake to achieve such a strategic transformation. In this paper, the authors gave a general study on the Chinese industrial relocation in the light of the theory of industrial location and relocation and discussed five types of industrial relocation concerning factory development in scale, site and organization in China: factory-expanding, factory-converting & renovating, factory-removing & migrating, industry-substituting in a region and trace-reutilization of a factory.
1997, 7(1): 68-78.
摘要:
The response of vegetation in northeast China to global warming would be the following: 1) the future alteration types of edificators could be divided into three types; 2) the plant populations would move northwards about 400-700 km and upwards 250-350m; 3) the distribution border of cultivated crops would change; 4) the phenological development of most plants would advance one season; 5) the productivity of main forest ecosystems would increase 7.65% and that of main agroecosystems would increase 36.4%.
The response of vegetation in northeast China to global warming would be the following: 1) the future alteration types of edificators could be divided into three types; 2) the plant populations would move northwards about 400-700 km and upwards 250-350m; 3) the distribution border of cultivated crops would change; 4) the phenological development of most plants would advance one season; 5) the productivity of main forest ecosystems would increase 7.65% and that of main agroecosystems would increase 36.4%.
1997, 7(1): 79-87.
摘要:
There is limited information available on CO2 concentration and flux over marsh. The objective of this work was to characterize CO2 concentration and flux within and above marsh plant (Cares lasiocarpa Ehrh. and C. pseudoucuaica F. Schm) canopy at heights 0.5, 1. 0 and 1. 5 m.CO2 concentration was measured sequentially every 3 bars by using an infrared gas analyzer. Soil and air temperature, wind speed, net radiation and soil heat flux were also measured simultaneously. Extremely drily minimum and maximum CO2 concentration rangal from 250 to 754 μmd/mol for the 4-year work. The typical minimum and maximum values ranged from 314 to 464 μmol/mol at the height of marsh plant (about 0.5 m) during the fruiting perioed and mature date. The seasonal changes in CO2 concentration show that the minimum CO2 concentration occurred in the fruiting period and mature date, and both of their minimum values were 314 μmol/mol. This illustrates that CO2 consumed by photosynthesis was stable during the period. The flux of CO2 can be thought as a turbulent diffusion phenomenon. By micrometeorological methods, the diurnal CO2 fluxes were measured in the flowering peried, fruiting period, early mature date, late mature date and yellow-ripe stage. Their values were -0.18, 38. 15,24.13, 10.9 and 4.91 μmol/mol respectively.
There is limited information available on CO2 concentration and flux over marsh. The objective of this work was to characterize CO2 concentration and flux within and above marsh plant (Cares lasiocarpa Ehrh. and C. pseudoucuaica F. Schm) canopy at heights 0.5, 1. 0 and 1. 5 m.CO2 concentration was measured sequentially every 3 bars by using an infrared gas analyzer. Soil and air temperature, wind speed, net radiation and soil heat flux were also measured simultaneously. Extremely drily minimum and maximum CO2 concentration rangal from 250 to 754 μmd/mol for the 4-year work. The typical minimum and maximum values ranged from 314 to 464 μmol/mol at the height of marsh plant (about 0.5 m) during the fruiting perioed and mature date. The seasonal changes in CO2 concentration show that the minimum CO2 concentration occurred in the fruiting period and mature date, and both of their minimum values were 314 μmol/mol. This illustrates that CO2 consumed by photosynthesis was stable during the period. The flux of CO2 can be thought as a turbulent diffusion phenomenon. By micrometeorological methods, the diurnal CO2 fluxes were measured in the flowering peried, fruiting period, early mature date, late mature date and yellow-ripe stage. Their values were -0.18, 38. 15,24.13, 10.9 and 4.91 μmol/mol respectively.
1997, 7(1): 88-94.
摘要:
Using the theory of regional superiority of forming and developing Of the old industrial bases and theory of transfondng industrial structure, the paper analyses the recession characteristics, reasons and mechanism of the northest Old industrial base. On the basis of analysing and using the successful experience of other countries, the authors put forward the pattern, goal and way of transforming the northeast old industrial base, combined with the particular national conditions. The poper wants to make the theory and practice system of forming and developing of the world industrial bases more perfect, and provide some experience to promote the systematic development and speed up the industrialized course in the industrial ha of developing countries.
Using the theory of regional superiority of forming and developing Of the old industrial bases and theory of transfondng industrial structure, the paper analyses the recession characteristics, reasons and mechanism of the northest Old industrial base. On the basis of analysing and using the successful experience of other countries, the authors put forward the pattern, goal and way of transforming the northeast old industrial base, combined with the particular national conditions. The poper wants to make the theory and practice system of forming and developing of the world industrial bases more perfect, and provide some experience to promote the systematic development and speed up the industrialized course in the industrial ha of developing countries.
1997, 7(1): 95-95.
摘要:
The following notes have been compiled for the guidance of authors who prepare papers for submission to CHINESE GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE.
The following notes have been compiled for the guidance of authors who prepare papers for submission to CHINESE GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE.
1997, 7(1): 96-96.
摘要:
CHINESE GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE is a comprehensive geographical journal published in English in China.It is undertaken by the Chinese Academy of Sciences,sponsored by Changchun institute of Geography,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,edited by the Editorial Department of the journal,and published by Science Press,Beijing,China.
CHINESE GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE is a comprehensive geographical journal published in English in China.It is undertaken by the Chinese Academy of Sciences,sponsored by Changchun institute of Geography,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,edited by the Editorial Department of the journal,and published by Science Press,Beijing,China.
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