1996年 第6卷 第4期
1996, 6(4): 289-303.
摘要:
The study shows that the regional differentiation of Hong Kong direct investement(HKDI)in China was enlarged in the 1980s and has has reducing since 1991.The concentration of HKDI in the southern China and the coast has has replace by the trend of moving northwards and iulandwards after 1989.But in terms of tnanofacturing sectors this trend has not clearly appeared until now.Those changing Patterns are dearly related to the behaviour of Hong Kong industrial investors.The survey results suggest that "enjoying lower production cost" is the most important motive for thed investment in China.In consequece, "close to Hong Kong", "cheqper labour" and "favourable policy" are major factors for determining the investment locations.This behaviour, together with the lack of comparison study in location selection among most investors, explains that Guangdong absorbed most Hong Kong investment in the 1980s.As the production costs have been increasing in Guangdong, are companies have started to invest in non-Guangdong locations since the end of the 1980s.From the mental map of Hong Kong investors, however, only some of the non-Guangdong locations are practically attractive.
The study shows that the regional differentiation of Hong Kong direct investement(HKDI)in China was enlarged in the 1980s and has has reducing since 1991.The concentration of HKDI in the southern China and the coast has has replace by the trend of moving northwards and iulandwards after 1989.But in terms of tnanofacturing sectors this trend has not clearly appeared until now.Those changing Patterns are dearly related to the behaviour of Hong Kong industrial investors.The survey results suggest that "enjoying lower production cost" is the most important motive for thed investment in China.In consequece, "close to Hong Kong", "cheqper labour" and "favourable policy" are major factors for determining the investment locations.This behaviour, together with the lack of comparison study in location selection among most investors, explains that Guangdong absorbed most Hong Kong investment in the 1980s.As the production costs have been increasing in Guangdong, are companies have started to invest in non-Guangdong locations since the end of the 1980s.From the mental map of Hong Kong investors, however, only some of the non-Guangdong locations are practically attractive.
1996, 6(4): 304-312.
摘要:
China is one of the countries where there is abundant glacial water rears and glaciers exist in a vast area of mountainous regions.In this paper, a prehensive discusion is made for the characteristics of glacial water resource, the chewical properties of matwater and the prospects of future utilization in China.It has found that the gladal water resource is a water resource system based on the effect of a solid water reservoir.Its degree of mineralization is low and it almost does not have any pollution.In particular glacial water is high quality fresh water resource in the inland arid region.It is necesary to reconfirm the value of this water and conduct further studies on the fundamentals of its application in order to ratiedly exploit, utilze and preserve the glacial water resource.
China is one of the countries where there is abundant glacial water rears and glaciers exist in a vast area of mountainous regions.In this paper, a prehensive discusion is made for the characteristics of glacial water resource, the chewical properties of matwater and the prospects of future utilization in China.It has found that the gladal water resource is a water resource system based on the effect of a solid water reservoir.Its degree of mineralization is low and it almost does not have any pollution.In particular glacial water is high quality fresh water resource in the inland arid region.It is necesary to reconfirm the value of this water and conduct further studies on the fundamentals of its application in order to ratiedly exploit, utilze and preserve the glacial water resource.
1996, 6(4): 313-320.
摘要:
Wetlands of China cover an area of 63 million ha, among which, natural wetlands 25 million ha, including mires, shallow lakes, etc., artifidal wetlands 38 million ha.Besides there, there are a lot of rivers and islands, stretching 18,000 km of coastal line and coastal zone below the tidal within the water depth of 6 m.Based on the climatic regional differences, biota similarity and biodiversity and biodiversity abundance, China's wetlands can be divided into 9 main regions.Wetlands not only have huge functions to regulate mankind's living environment, but also are the important and precious natural resources.For a long period, since the conduction between population and so, energy, grain is getting more and obvious, China's wetlands are facing to serious disturbances, such as large-scale reclamation, over-hunting, industrial waste water pollution and species introducing.They have brought about the wetland quantity reducing and quality falling, furtherrrwre have effects on sustainable development.For the special national conditions of China, higher population pressure, China should carry out wetland resource protection and rational utilization, not only protection.
Wetlands of China cover an area of 63 million ha, among which, natural wetlands 25 million ha, including mires, shallow lakes, etc., artifidal wetlands 38 million ha.Besides there, there are a lot of rivers and islands, stretching 18,000 km of coastal line and coastal zone below the tidal within the water depth of 6 m.Based on the climatic regional differences, biota similarity and biodiversity and biodiversity abundance, China's wetlands can be divided into 9 main regions.Wetlands not only have huge functions to regulate mankind's living environment, but also are the important and precious natural resources.For a long period, since the conduction between population and so, energy, grain is getting more and obvious, China's wetlands are facing to serious disturbances, such as large-scale reclamation, over-hunting, industrial waste water pollution and species introducing.They have brought about the wetland quantity reducing and quality falling, furtherrrwre have effects on sustainable development.For the special national conditions of China, higher population pressure, China should carry out wetland resource protection and rational utilization, not only protection.
1996, 6(4): 321-331.
摘要:
There is vast land in Xizang(Tibet), but the land suitable for agriculture is less and concentrated.There is a large quantity of land suitable for animal husbandry, but great differentiation in quality.The land suitable for forestry is in large quantity and high quality.The land in high, cold and dry region is very difficult for use.An of these chacteristics determine the Pedctive structure and scale and the distribution of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry in Xizang.At present, the exploitation level of land resources in Xizang is low, the commodity production is backward and some of the land is in degradation.The exploitstion should be combined with the conservation of several kinds of land resources.Per unit pleduction of land staid be enhanced, the improvement of the grassland and the construction of artificial grassland should be carried out.They are the strategy and effective countermeasures for the improcement of economy, production conditions and the eco-environment in Xizang.
There is vast land in Xizang(Tibet), but the land suitable for agriculture is less and concentrated.There is a large quantity of land suitable for animal husbandry, but great differentiation in quality.The land suitable for forestry is in large quantity and high quality.The land in high, cold and dry region is very difficult for use.An of these chacteristics determine the Pedctive structure and scale and the distribution of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry in Xizang.At present, the exploitation level of land resources in Xizang is low, the commodity production is backward and some of the land is in degradation.The exploitstion should be combined with the conservation of several kinds of land resources.Per unit pleduction of land staid be enhanced, the improvement of the grassland and the construction of artificial grassland should be carried out.They are the strategy and effective countermeasures for the improcement of economy, production conditions and the eco-environment in Xizang.
1996, 6(4): 332-341.
摘要:
Even though the study of urban sociology in China is just a beginning, it doesn't mean that urban social problems in China are new or simple.As a Very sensitive field, urban prudential community has not been deeply analysed owing to various reasons.This article tries to start with the background of China's social development and analyse the pattern, essence and evolution fortion of China's urban residenhal community which is in the course of transfer of social Pattern.This article first analyzes the functiond mechanism of seven main elements affecting Chinese urban residential community in the course of transfer of social pattern.Some of the elements come into being under the social economic background, with Chinese characteristics, and have a profound influence on urban residential community.Based on that, the author then respectively infers the evolution of four ban patterns of urban prudential communities in China now.Finally, it puts forward the basic principles of urban community development in the current transfer period in China, and with a development eyesight, it makes a summary of the general characteristics of the Chinese urban residential community in the future.
Even though the study of urban sociology in China is just a beginning, it doesn't mean that urban social problems in China are new or simple.As a Very sensitive field, urban prudential community has not been deeply analysed owing to various reasons.This article tries to start with the background of China's social development and analyse the pattern, essence and evolution fortion of China's urban residenhal community which is in the course of transfer of social Pattern.This article first analyzes the functiond mechanism of seven main elements affecting Chinese urban residential community in the course of transfer of social pattern.Some of the elements come into being under the social economic background, with Chinese characteristics, and have a profound influence on urban residential community.Based on that, the author then respectively infers the evolution of four ban patterns of urban prudential communities in China now.Finally, it puts forward the basic principles of urban community development in the current transfer period in China, and with a development eyesight, it makes a summary of the general characteristics of the Chinese urban residential community in the future.
1996, 6(4): 342-350.
摘要:
The Tumen river region including Yanji, Tumen, Longjing and Hunchun cities is situated in the east part of Jilin Province.The region is an important economic exploitation area in the province.The total area is 10, 228.86 km2.There are superior geographical location, rich natural rare, various gemorphological types and less farmaland in the region.The remote sensing technique is adopted in the survey of present landuse.The newest Landsat and CCT data are selected in the survey.Comparing the data obtained from remote sensing survey with the data from land detail investigation we can are that the paddy-field, garden for planting fruits, residential area and factory and mine, traffic land have increased in different extents, especially, the residential area is increased rapidly, but the forest land, grazing land have decreased.The unused land has been used.Land productive potentiality system is a multi-hierarchic comprehensive-complex system of natural economy.Its core is photosynthesis of green vegetation, which is affected by factors such as radiation, temperature, rainfall, soil fertility and management level.According to calculation of productive potentiality, the analysis of carrying capacity for population has ho done and the conclusion is drawn.After 2000, the population growth in the region will be reStricted by lack of are of farmland resources and level of grain production.Existing land and its reserve are can not carry a population more than 150×104.It is estmeted that the grain only depends on transportstion outside to meet the needs of population growth and social development after 2000.
The Tumen river region including Yanji, Tumen, Longjing and Hunchun cities is situated in the east part of Jilin Province.The region is an important economic exploitation area in the province.The total area is 10, 228.86 km2.There are superior geographical location, rich natural rare, various gemorphological types and less farmaland in the region.The remote sensing technique is adopted in the survey of present landuse.The newest Landsat and CCT data are selected in the survey.Comparing the data obtained from remote sensing survey with the data from land detail investigation we can are that the paddy-field, garden for planting fruits, residential area and factory and mine, traffic land have increased in different extents, especially, the residential area is increased rapidly, but the forest land, grazing land have decreased.The unused land has been used.Land productive potentiality system is a multi-hierarchic comprehensive-complex system of natural economy.Its core is photosynthesis of green vegetation, which is affected by factors such as radiation, temperature, rainfall, soil fertility and management level.According to calculation of productive potentiality, the analysis of carrying capacity for population has ho done and the conclusion is drawn.After 2000, the population growth in the region will be reStricted by lack of are of farmland resources and level of grain production.Existing land and its reserve are can not carry a population more than 150×104.It is estmeted that the grain only depends on transportstion outside to meet the needs of population growth and social development after 2000.
1996, 6(4): 351-358.
摘要:
The integration of remote sensing and geographical information system(GIS)technology is an optimal method for maize yield estimation, because it needs the support of various data including remote sensing information and others.This paper introduces the objective, components, data acquisition and implementing way of maize yield estimation information system, and uses it in the study on maize acreage calculation, growth vigour monitoring, regional soil moisture content assessment and final yield forecast.
The integration of remote sensing and geographical information system(GIS)technology is an optimal method for maize yield estimation, because it needs the support of various data including remote sensing information and others.This paper introduces the objective, components, data acquisition and implementing way of maize yield estimation information system, and uses it in the study on maize acreage calculation, growth vigour monitoring, regional soil moisture content assessment and final yield forecast.
1996, 6(4): 359-363.
摘要:
This paper decribo an application of GIS technology in estimating estem's relive sensitivity to acid despition.East China is selected as the research area.Four variable layers, which are ha rock, soil buffering ability, vegetation type and soil humidity, are used in the process.Five grades are separated in this research.The sensitivity mapping is also discussed in this paper.
This paper decribo an application of GIS technology in estimating estem's relive sensitivity to acid despition.East China is selected as the research area.Four variable layers, which are ha rock, soil buffering ability, vegetation type and soil humidity, are used in the process.Five grades are separated in this research.The sensitivity mapping is also discussed in this paper.
1996, 6(4): 364-374.
摘要:
Dynamic variation of water quality in Meiliang Bay and part of western Taihu Lake has ho analysed on the data from 1991 to 1992.Principal component analysis is used to reveal the mutual relationships of various factors.It is that there ealsts an obvious spatial and temporal variation in the main factors of water quality.Annual values of TP, TN, CON, Chl-a and conductivity decrease evidently from inner Meiliang Bay to the outer from north to south.TP and TN fluctuate seasonally with much higher value in aunter.This is Particularly true for the mouth of the Liangxi River.In addition, the Chl-a has a synchironous variation with water temperature, although being lagged a little, and closely relates to TP and TN.Finally, the results from prindpal component analysis shaw that TP, TN, SS(or SD), water temperature and Chl-a are the most influential factors to water quality in this area, and both suspensions and algae can contribute to transparency in Taihu Lake.
Dynamic variation of water quality in Meiliang Bay and part of western Taihu Lake has ho analysed on the data from 1991 to 1992.Principal component analysis is used to reveal the mutual relationships of various factors.It is that there ealsts an obvious spatial and temporal variation in the main factors of water quality.Annual values of TP, TN, CON, Chl-a and conductivity decrease evidently from inner Meiliang Bay to the outer from north to south.TP and TN fluctuate seasonally with much higher value in aunter.This is Particularly true for the mouth of the Liangxi River.In addition, the Chl-a has a synchironous variation with water temperature, although being lagged a little, and closely relates to TP and TN.Finally, the results from prindpal component analysis shaw that TP, TN, SS(or SD), water temperature and Chl-a are the most influential factors to water quality in this area, and both suspensions and algae can contribute to transparency in Taihu Lake.
1996, 6(4): 375-382.
摘要:
Hongfeng Lake is an eutrophic freshwater atificial reservior.It began to restore water in 1960.Three sediment cores were taken from both about 25m of water in the center of Hongfeng bake in May 1991.The stratigraphy of the three cores was easily matched.by using prominent marking horizons and characteristic aqnences of laminations.In three layer Samples studied, diatom and other algae taxa appear in repeating apuences.The presence of laminations may reflect either the regular changes of physical-chemical conditions within the lake or the variation in the intensity of erosion and transport of material from the catchment, pat iculaly where instability in the lake-water system has occult as a result of human activities.The larninations were mainly cantal by seasonal variation of envionmental conditions, particularly climate.Unlike t of the previous examples, they have ben formed at most recent Sediments, in a small freshwater lake in the eastern slope of the Qinghai XiZang Plateau, China in a subtropical climate, which is adenly controlled by southwestern and southwestern monsoon.It is believed that it's the first reported instance of laminated lake sediments from China.
Hongfeng Lake is an eutrophic freshwater atificial reservior.It began to restore water in 1960.Three sediment cores were taken from both about 25m of water in the center of Hongfeng bake in May 1991.The stratigraphy of the three cores was easily matched.by using prominent marking horizons and characteristic aqnences of laminations.In three layer Samples studied, diatom and other algae taxa appear in repeating apuences.The presence of laminations may reflect either the regular changes of physical-chemical conditions within the lake or the variation in the intensity of erosion and transport of material from the catchment, pat iculaly where instability in the lake-water system has occult as a result of human activities.The larninations were mainly cantal by seasonal variation of envionmental conditions, particularly climate.Unlike t of the previous examples, they have ben formed at most recent Sediments, in a small freshwater lake in the eastern slope of the Qinghai XiZang Plateau, China in a subtropical climate, which is adenly controlled by southwestern and southwestern monsoon.It is believed that it's the first reported instance of laminated lake sediments from China.
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