1995年 第5卷 第3期
1995, 5(3): 193-201.
摘要:
This article has discussed the effects on the eastern coastal areas of China brought by the new Eurasian Continental Bridge when it was joined up from Chinese coastal harbour Lianyungang to Rotterdam Harbour in Holland.The effects will be discussed from four aspects which are promoting the developing process of containerized traffic,accelerating the adjustment of industrial structure,thriving Lianyungang City and setting up a more beneficial external conditions for Chinese eastern coastal areas.
This article has discussed the effects on the eastern coastal areas of China brought by the new Eurasian Continental Bridge when it was joined up from Chinese coastal harbour Lianyungang to Rotterdam Harbour in Holland.The effects will be discussed from four aspects which are promoting the developing process of containerized traffic,accelerating the adjustment of industrial structure,thriving Lianyungang City and setting up a more beneficial external conditions for Chinese eastern coastal areas.
1995, 5(3): 202-211.
摘要:
Since the 1980's, two new trends have been emerging in the economic development of the Chinese 'million'cities.One is the development disparity, and the other is the industrial restructuring.Firstly,in terms of per capita GDP(Gross Domestic Product), 32 'million' cities are classified into 4 types.The paper thinks there are 3 main causes which bring about the development disparity.Then, the paper approaches the industrial restructuring of the 'million'cities. In order to shrink the gap between the coastal 'million' cities and the interior 'million' cities, the paper thinks that the central government should pay most attention to the economic development of the inland, meanwhile,the interior 'mllion' cities should speed up the economic reform and industrial restructuring.
Since the 1980's, two new trends have been emerging in the economic development of the Chinese 'million'cities.One is the development disparity, and the other is the industrial restructuring.Firstly,in terms of per capita GDP(Gross Domestic Product), 32 'million' cities are classified into 4 types.The paper thinks there are 3 main causes which bring about the development disparity.Then, the paper approaches the industrial restructuring of the 'million'cities. In order to shrink the gap between the coastal 'million' cities and the interior 'million' cities, the paper thinks that the central government should pay most attention to the economic development of the inland, meanwhile,the interior 'mllion' cities should speed up the economic reform and industrial restructuring.
1995, 5(3): 212-221.
摘要:
Xinjiang, the largest province region in China,is located in the northwest of China.There are eight countries,such as Kazakhstan etc.that surround around Xinjiang. There are long land border lines and many developable passes. Under the direction of total national development strategy of coastal and border opening, considering the advanced condition of location,the new spatial frontier trade pattern of "multilevel and all-round position" has initially been formed.That is,to develop westwards market in Middle Asia,to enlarge southwards market in Pakistan and to open up northwards market in Mongolia.The great progress of border opening has been made in Xinjiang.At present, Xinjiang is catching the opportunity to adjust the industrial structure and regional allocation,enhance horizontal economic combination and cooperation,and strengthen the infrastructures construction.Therefore more solid material foundation ofborder opening will be formed for further enlarging.
Xinjiang, the largest province region in China,is located in the northwest of China.There are eight countries,such as Kazakhstan etc.that surround around Xinjiang. There are long land border lines and many developable passes. Under the direction of total national development strategy of coastal and border opening, considering the advanced condition of location,the new spatial frontier trade pattern of "multilevel and all-round position" has initially been formed.That is,to develop westwards market in Middle Asia,to enlarge southwards market in Pakistan and to open up northwards market in Mongolia.The great progress of border opening has been made in Xinjiang.At present, Xinjiang is catching the opportunity to adjust the industrial structure and regional allocation,enhance horizontal economic combination and cooperation,and strengthen the infrastructures construction.Therefore more solid material foundation ofborder opening will be formed for further enlarging.
1995, 5(3): 222-231.
摘要:
It is pointed out that the proportion of urban population is high but synthetical urbanization level is low in northwest China.The urban spacial distribution is influenced by usage of water resource,exploitation of mineral resource and constrained by transportation lines. The urban distribution is equipped with beaded characteristic.It reveals that the main obstruction for urbanization are fragile economic basement, weak transportation facilities,low synthetical transportation capacity.It provides strategies of developing modern transportation,strengthening resource exploitation concentratively developing leading industries, establishing self-growh mechanism to improve urbanization level as a whole.
It is pointed out that the proportion of urban population is high but synthetical urbanization level is low in northwest China.The urban spacial distribution is influenced by usage of water resource,exploitation of mineral resource and constrained by transportation lines. The urban distribution is equipped with beaded characteristic.It reveals that the main obstruction for urbanization are fragile economic basement, weak transportation facilities,low synthetical transportation capacity.It provides strategies of developing modern transportation,strengthening resource exploitation concentratively developing leading industries, establishing self-growh mechanism to improve urbanization level as a whole.
1995, 5(3): 232-241.
摘要:
In this pater,the paleovegetation and paleoclimate in the Hemudu region of Zhejiang Province during 7000 to 6000 a B.P.are reconstructed.Firstly,using Andersen's method, a correction is made for the percentage of pollens of various plants excavated at Hemudu Site. Secondly, on the basis of the results,the dominant species and constructive species and types of zonal forest vegetation are identified,then the paleovegetation of Holocene Hypsithermal is reconstructed. Finally,by contrasting the above mentioned paleovegetation with the vegetation of Wuyanling Natural Reserve (WYLNR) in south Zhejiang and Dinghushan Natural Reserve(DHSNR) in Guangdong today,and on the analogy of above results, the paleoclimate is also reconstructed.
In this pater,the paleovegetation and paleoclimate in the Hemudu region of Zhejiang Province during 7000 to 6000 a B.P.are reconstructed.Firstly,using Andersen's method, a correction is made for the percentage of pollens of various plants excavated at Hemudu Site. Secondly, on the basis of the results,the dominant species and constructive species and types of zonal forest vegetation are identified,then the paleovegetation of Holocene Hypsithermal is reconstructed. Finally,by contrasting the above mentioned paleovegetation with the vegetation of Wuyanling Natural Reserve (WYLNR) in south Zhejiang and Dinghushan Natural Reserve(DHSNR) in Guangdong today,and on the analogy of above results, the paleoclimate is also reconstructed.
1995, 5(3): 242-247.
摘要:
This paper summaries the ecological and environmental research works in the Four Lake Area. A great deal of research and developing works have been done, which may be concluded into three kinds of models for a agricultural development. They are Model Ⅰ-developing and protecting of the lowland from lake reclamation, Model Ⅱ-development of ecological,three-dimensional agriculture, Model Ⅲ-the symbiotic and mixed culture in various types of waters.Great benefits of economy, society and ecology have been gained through the applications of experimental results of three agricultural developing models.
This paper summaries the ecological and environmental research works in the Four Lake Area. A great deal of research and developing works have been done, which may be concluded into three kinds of models for a agricultural development. They are Model Ⅰ-developing and protecting of the lowland from lake reclamation, Model Ⅱ-development of ecological,three-dimensional agriculture, Model Ⅲ-the symbiotic and mixed culture in various types of waters.Great benefits of economy, society and ecology have been gained through the applications of experimental results of three agricultural developing models.
1995, 5(3): 248-256.
摘要:
This article introduces the concepts of coordinated development of economy and environment and formulas of coordinated degree. Results obtained are that the coordinated degree in 1992 is over 0.87.The variation tendencies on coordinated development of urban environment and economy are forecasted upto the year 2010 in Guangzhou by adopting formula GM(1,1).It is considered that not only the index of environment quality in Guangzhou will come down to 0.31,but also coordinated degree which is equal to 0.64 will lower to middle level.Therefore, some effective countermeasures have to be taken to accomplish thecoordination development of urban environment quality and economy.
This article introduces the concepts of coordinated development of economy and environment and formulas of coordinated degree. Results obtained are that the coordinated degree in 1992 is over 0.87.The variation tendencies on coordinated development of urban environment and economy are forecasted upto the year 2010 in Guangzhou by adopting formula GM(1,1).It is considered that not only the index of environment quality in Guangzhou will come down to 0.31,but also coordinated degree which is equal to 0.64 will lower to middle level.Therefore, some effective countermeasures have to be taken to accomplish thecoordination development of urban environment quality and economy.
1995, 5(3): 257-264.
摘要:
For many water quality studies,a data analyst,or modeler, may need to know the spatio-temproal patterns of the data sets and their relationships in both pre-processing and post-processing. Geographic Information System(GIS) can provide an exploratory spatio-temporal data analysis environment with its capability of spatio-temproal data query, logical and arithmetical operations,visualization, and the integrated statistical functions.This paper will introduce the basic concept and the framework of a GIS exploratory data analysis module (GISEDA) with an emphasis on a multi-window approach for the spatio-temporal pattern analysis of water quality data.A water quality database of GEO-WAMS,a GIS-based watershed modeling support system, has been used to test the prototype of GISEDA.
For many water quality studies,a data analyst,or modeler, may need to know the spatio-temproal patterns of the data sets and their relationships in both pre-processing and post-processing. Geographic Information System(GIS) can provide an exploratory spatio-temporal data analysis environment with its capability of spatio-temproal data query, logical and arithmetical operations,visualization, and the integrated statistical functions.This paper will introduce the basic concept and the framework of a GIS exploratory data analysis module (GISEDA) with an emphasis on a multi-window approach for the spatio-temporal pattern analysis of water quality data.A water quality database of GEO-WAMS,a GIS-based watershed modeling support system, has been used to test the prototype of GISEDA.
1995, 5(3): 265-274.
摘要:
Although the mechanism of lake eutrophication is complicated,the basic factors are improper artificial activities and uncontrollable management.The pollution sources were classified as primary and secondary.Strictly managing and controlling the sources of primary and secondary pollution sources were favorable for lake eutrophication control and improvement of water quality.According to theory and practice of our comprehensive control,this paper provided ample evidence of primary pollution source control in many ways.For pointsource,by intercepting and dredging, for area-source,by channel engineering,management engineering and bioengineering which played function in collectiontransformation of aquntic plants and aquatic animals, and also in protection of biological zones.It was clarified that the mechanism and effect of controlling entrances of nutritive substances. In addition, the evaluation of secondary sources had also been done on safety, stability, expenditure and efficiency,based on starting practice,intermediate practice and enlarged practice, in removing mechanism and biopurification of soluble N and P by culturing aquatic plants at the edge of lake, by precipitation,absorption, flocculation and complex of power coal ash,etc.,by exchange of high concentrative N and P in bottom layer,and by blockade and stabilization of precipitated N and P in bottom mud.
Although the mechanism of lake eutrophication is complicated,the basic factors are improper artificial activities and uncontrollable management.The pollution sources were classified as primary and secondary.Strictly managing and controlling the sources of primary and secondary pollution sources were favorable for lake eutrophication control and improvement of water quality.According to theory and practice of our comprehensive control,this paper provided ample evidence of primary pollution source control in many ways.For pointsource,by intercepting and dredging, for area-source,by channel engineering,management engineering and bioengineering which played function in collectiontransformation of aquntic plants and aquatic animals, and also in protection of biological zones.It was clarified that the mechanism and effect of controlling entrances of nutritive substances. In addition, the evaluation of secondary sources had also been done on safety, stability, expenditure and efficiency,based on starting practice,intermediate practice and enlarged practice, in removing mechanism and biopurification of soluble N and P by culturing aquatic plants at the edge of lake, by precipitation,absorption, flocculation and complex of power coal ash,etc.,by exchange of high concentrative N and P in bottom layer,and by blockade and stabilization of precipitated N and P in bottom mud.
1995, 5(3): 275-287.
摘要:
Debris flows play an important role among natural hazards in mountainous areas of Italy.This paper provides an overview on the recent research on debris flows conducted in italy, taking into account both hydraulic and geomorphological studies. Moreover,the most encouraging research perspectives in this field are briefly presented,such as the monitoring of debris flow in instrumented basins and the geotechnical analysis of the processes leading to debris flow initiation. Finally, two study cases are reported,with the aim of outlining the main characteristics of these phenomena and consequent risk conditions in representative sites in the Italian mountains.
Debris flows play an important role among natural hazards in mountainous areas of Italy.This paper provides an overview on the recent research on debris flows conducted in italy, taking into account both hydraulic and geomorphological studies. Moreover,the most encouraging research perspectives in this field are briefly presented,such as the monitoring of debris flow in instrumented basins and the geotechnical analysis of the processes leading to debris flow initiation. Finally, two study cases are reported,with the aim of outlining the main characteristics of these phenomena and consequent risk conditions in representative sites in the Italian mountains.
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