Adv Search
Volume 30 Issue 1
. 
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Article Navigation >  Chinese Geographical Science  > 2020  >  30(1): 1-15

LI He, Kevin LO, ZHANG Pingyu. Population Shrinkage in Resource-dependent Cities in China: Processes, Patterns and Drivers[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2020, 30(1): 1-15. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1077-4
Citation: LI He, Kevin LO, ZHANG Pingyu. Population Shrinkage in Resource-dependent Cities in China: Processes, Patterns and Drivers[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2020, 30(1): 1-15. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1077-4
shu

Population Shrinkage in Resource-dependent Cities in China: Processes, Patterns and Drivers

doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1077-4

  • 1. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;

  • 2. Department of Geography, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, 999077, Hong Kong, China;

  • 3. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Funds:

Under the auspices of Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. ZDRW-ZS-2017-4-3-4), National Science and Technology Basic Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2017FY101303-1), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41001097, 41571152), Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program (No. XLYC1807249)

  • Received Date: 2018-11-10
  • Rev Recd Date: 2019-03-08
  • Resource-dependent cities (RCs) are a vulnerable group of urban settlements that often face population shrinkage; however, population changes in RCs in China are not well understood. This study offers new insight into this matter through a robust analysis that features a longer time scale, a larger sample of RCs, and a finer unit of analysis. It finds new evidence that problems of population shrinkage in RCs are more serious than previous literature has suggested. Approximately 30% of the studied units have experienced either long-term or short-term population shrinkage, and many more are experiencing a slowing down of population growth. Problems are especially common among three types of RCs:the resource-depleted RCs, the forestry-based RCs, and RCs in Northeast China. These results underscore transition policy inadequacies in addressing population loss, and call for a more comprehensive and diversified population policy that tackles the multifaceted factors that contribute to population shrinkage, including lack of industrial support, maladjustment to market oriented reformation, poor urban environment and natural population decline.
  • [1] Administrative Division Website. http://www.xzqh.org/html/.Cited 23 January 2017. (in Chinese)
    [2] Bradbury J H, St-Martin I, 1983. Winding down in a Quebec mining town:a case study of Schefferville. The Canadian Geographer, 27(2):128-144. doi:10.1111/j.1541-0064. 1983.tb01468.x
    [3] Cao Guangzhong, Liu Tao, 2010. Dynamic mechanism of urban-ization and its evolution in post-reform China. China Soft Sci-ence, (9):86-95. (in Chinese)
    [4] Central People's Government, 2006. The history of the adminis-trative divisions of the People's Republic of China. http://www.gov.cn/test/2006-02/27/content_212020.htm. Cited 23 January 2017.
    [5] Chan K W, 2003. Chinese census 2000:new opportunities and challenges. China Review, 3(2):1-12.
    [6] Chan K W, 2007. Misconceptions and complexities in the study of China's cities:definitions, statistics, and implications. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 48(4):383-412. doi: 10.2747/1538-7216.48.4.383
    [7] Chan K W, 2009. The Chinese Hukou system at 50. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 50(2):197-221. doi: 10.2747/1539-7216.50.2.197
    [8] Chan K W, 2014. China's urbanization 2020:a new blueprint and direction. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 55(1):1-9. doi: 10.1080/15387216.2014.925410
    [9] Chang Y Z, Dong S C, 2016. Evaluation of sustainable develop-ment of resources-based cities in Shanxi Province based on unascertained measure. Sustainability, 8(6):585. doi: 10.3390/su8060585
    [10] Chen W, Shen Y, Wang Y N, 2018. Evaluation of economic transformation and upgrading of resource-based cities in Shaanxi province based on an improved TOPSIS method. Sustainable Cities and Society, 37:232-240. doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2017.11.019
    [11] Dong S C, Li Z H, Li B et al., 2007. Problems and strategies of industrial transformation of China's resource-based cities. China Population, Resources and Environment, 17(5):12-17. doi: 10.1016/S1872-583X(08)60005-4
    [12] Duan Chengrong, Yang Ge, 2009. Trends in destination distribu-tion of floating population in China. Population Research, 33(6):1-12. (in Chinese)
    [13] Gaubatz P, 1999. China's urban transformation:patterns and processes of morphological change in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Urban Studies, 36(9):1495-1521. doi: 10.1080/0042098992890
    [14] Gu C L, Kesteloot C, Cook I G, 2015. Theorising Chinese urban-isation:a multi-layered perspective. Urban Studies, 52(14):2564-2580. doi: 10.1177/0042098014550457
    [15] Hayter R, Nieweler S, 2018. The local planning-economic devel-opment nexus in transitioning resource-industry towns:reflec-tions (mainly) from British Columbia. Journal of Rural Studies, 60:82-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2018.03.006
    [16] He S Y, 2014. When growth grinds to a halt:population and economic development of resource-depleted cities in China. In:Richardson H W, Nam C W (eds). Shrinking Cities:A Global Perspective. Abingdon:Routledge.
    [17] He S Y, Lee J, Zhou T et al., 2017. Shrinking cities and re-source-based economy:the economic restructuring in China's mining cities. Cities, 60:75-83. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2016. 07.009
    [18] Hu X H, Yang C, 2018. Building a role model for rust belt cities? Fuxin's economic revitalization in question. Cities, 72:245-251. doi: 10.1016/j.cities.2017.09.002
    [19] Kamal-Chaoui L, Leman E, Rufei Z, 2009. Urban Trends and Policy in China. OECD Regional Development Working Papers 2009/1, Paris:OECD. doi: 10.1787/225205036417
    [20] Li He, Zhang Pingyu, Cheng Yeqing, 2009. Economic vulnera-bility of mining city-a case study of Fuxin City, Liaoning Province, China. Chinese Geographical Science, 19(3):211-218. doi: 10.1007/s11769-009-0211-0
    [21] Li H, Dong L, Ren J Z, 2015a. Industrial symbiosis as a counter-measure for resource dependent city:a case study of Guiyang, China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 107:252-266. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.04.089
    [22] Li H, Lo K, Wang M, 2015b. Economic transformation of mining cities in transition economies:lessons from Daqing, Northeast China. International Development Planning Review, 37(3):311-328. doi: 10.3828/idpr.2015.19
    [23] Li H, Mykhnenko V, 2018. Urban shrinkage with Chinese char-acteristics. The Geographical Journal, 184(4):398-412. doi: 10.1111/geoj.12266
    [24] Li Huijuan, Long Ruyin, Lan Xinping, 2010. Assessment for eco-efficiency of resource-based cities. Resources Science, 32(7):1296-1300. (in Chinese)
    [25] Li H J, Long R Y, Chen H, 2013. Economic transition policies in Chinese resource-based cities:an overview of government ef-forts. Energy Policy, 55:251-260. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2012. 12.007
    [26] Liu Tao, Qi Yuanjing, Cao Guangzhong, 2015. China's floating population in the 21st century:uneven landscape, influencing factors, and effects on urbanization. Acta Geographica Sinica, 70(4):567-581. (in Chinese)
    [27] Liu Y L, 1992. Reform from below:the private economy and local politics in the rural industrialization of Wenzhou. The China Quarterly, 130:293-316. doi: 10.1017/S030574100004073X
    [28] Lockie S, Franettovich M, Petkova-Timmer V et al., 2009. Coal mining and the resource community cycle:a longitudinal as-sessment of the social impacts of the Coppabella coal mine. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 29(5):330-339. doi: 10.1016/j.eiar.2009.01.008
    [29] Long R Y, Chen H, Li H J et al., 2013. Selecting alternative in-dustries for Chinese resource cities based on intra- and in-ter-regional comparative advantages. Energy Policy, 57:82-88. doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.10.047
    [30] Lu C P, Xue B, Lu C Y et al., 2016. Sustainability investigation of resource-based cities in northeastern China. Sustainability, 8(10):1058. doi: 10.3390/su8101058
    [31] Marais L, Nel E, 2016. The dangers of growing on gold:lessons for mine downscaling from the Free State Goldfields, South Africa. Local Economy:The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit, 31(1-2):282-298. doi: 10.1177/0269094215621725
    [32] Martinez-Fernandez C, Wu C T, Schatz L K et al., 2012. The shrinking mining city:urban dynamics and contested territory. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 36(2):245-260. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2011.01094.x
    [33] Matanle P, Rausch A S, 2011. Japan's Shrinking Regions in the 21st Century:Contemporary Responses to Depopulation and Socioeconomic Decline. Amherst, NY:Cambria Press.
    [34] Mykhnenko V, Turok I, 2008. East European cities-patterns of growth and decline, 1960-2005. International Planning Stud-ies, 13(4):311-342. doi: 10.1080/13563470802518958
    [35] National Bureau of Statistics, 1992. China Population Statistics Yearbook 1991. Beijing:China Statistics Press. (in Chinese)
    [36] National Bureau of Statistics, 2002a. China Population by Town-ship. Beijing:China Statistics Press. (in Chinese)
    [37] National Bureau of Statistics, 2002b. Tabulation on the 2000 Population Census of the People's Republic of China by County. Beijing:China Statistics Press. (in Chinese)
    [38] National Bureau of Statistics, 2011a. China statistical yearbook 2011. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2011/indexeh.htm.Cited 20 March 2017. (in Chinese)
    [39] National Development and Reform Commission, 2011. The list of resource exhausted cities in China. http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/gzdt/201111/t20111115_444539.html,cited 23 January 2017. (in Chinese)
    [40] National Bureau of Statistics, 2012. Tabulation on the 2010 Pop-ulation Census of the People's Republic of China by County. Beijing:China Statistics Press. (in Chinese)
    [41] Prior T, Giurco D, Mudd G et al., 2012. Resource depletion, peak minerals and the implications for sustainable resource man-agement. Global Environmental Change, 22(3):577-587. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.08.009
    [42] Shen X P, Ma L J C, 2005. Privatization of rural industry and de facto urbanization from below in southern Jiangsu, China. Geoforum, 36(6):761-777. doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2005.01. 005
    [43] State Council, 2013. Plan of sustainable development for re-source-dependent cities in China, 2013-2020. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2013-12/02/content_4549.htm.Cited 23 January 2017. (in Chinese)
    [44] Su S H, Yu J, Zhang J, 2010. Measurements study on sustainabil-ity of China's mining cities. Expert Systems with Applications, 37(8):6028-6035. doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2010.02.140
    [45] Sun Wei, Li Hongsheng, 2013. Quantifying location condition of resources-exhausted cities in China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 68(2):199-208. (in Chinese)
    [46] Tan J T, Zhang P Y, Lo K et al., 2016. The urban transition per-formance of resource-based cities in Northeast China. Sus-tainability, 8(10):1022. doi: 10.3390/su8101022
    [47] Tan Juntao, Zhang Pingyu, Lo Kevin et al., 2017. Conceptualizing and measuring economic resilience of resource-based cities:case study of Northeast China. Chinese Geographical Science, 27(3):471-481. doi: 10.1007/s11769-017-0878-6
    [48] Turok I, Mykhnenko V, 2007. The trajectories of European cities, 1960-2005. Cities, 24(2):165-182. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2007. 01.007
    [49] Wan L L, Ye X Y, Lee J et al., 2015. Effects of urbanization on ecosystem service values in a mineral resource-based city. Habitat International, 46:54-63. doi:10.1016/j.habitatint. 2014.10.020
    [50] Wang M, Chen Z M, Zhang P Y et al., 2014a. Old Industrial Cities Seeking New Road of Industrialization:Models of Revi-talizing Northeast China. Singapore:World Scientific Pub-lishing Company. doi: 10.1142/8404
    [51] Wang M Y, Kee P, Gao J, 2014b. Transforming Chinese Cities. New York:Routledge.
    [52] Woodworth M D, 2015. Ordos municipality:a market-era resource boomtown. Cities, 43:115-132. doi:10.1016/j.cities. 2014.11.017
    [53] Woodworth M D, 2016. Booms, busts and urban variation among ‘Resource-based Cities’ in China's northwest. Inner Asia, 18(1):97-120. doi: 10.1163/22105018-12340055
    [54] Wu F L, Logan J, 2016. Do rural migrants ‘float’ in urban China? Neighbouring and neighbourhood sentiment in Beijing. Urban Studies, 53(14):2973-2990. doi: 10.1177/0042098015598745
    [55] Yu C, de Jong M, Cheng B D, 2016. Getting depleted re-source-based cities back on their feet again-the example of Yichun in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 134:42-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.101
    [56] Yu J, Zhang Z J, Zhou Y F, 2008. The sustainability of China's major mining cities. Resources Policy, 33(1):12-22. doi: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2007.10.001
    [57] Zhang M, Tan F F, Lu Z H, 2014a. Resource-based cities (RBC):a road to sustainability. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 21(5):465-470. doi: 10.1080/13504509.2014.959091
    [58] Zhang Wenzhong, Yu Jianhui, Wang Dai et al., 2014b. Study on Sustainable Development of Resource-Based Cities in China. Beijing:Science Press. (in Chinese)
    [59] Zhou Y X, Ma L J C, 2005. China's urban population statistics:a critical evaluation. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 46(4):272-289. doi: 10.2747/1538-7216.46.4.272
  • 加载中
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
  • 1. 

    沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

  1. 本站搜索
  2. 百度学术搜索
  3. 万方数据库搜索
  4. CNKI搜索
Get Citation
PDF
XML

Article Metrics

Article views(475) PDF downloads(287) Cited by()

Proportional views
Related

Population Shrinkage in Resource-dependent Cities in China: Processes, Patterns and Drivers

doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1077-4
  • 1. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;
  • 2. Department of Geography, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, 999077, Hong Kong, China;
  • 3. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Funds:

Under the auspices of Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. ZDRW-ZS-2017-4-3-4), National Science and Technology Basic Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2017FY101303-1), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41001097, 41571152), Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program (No. XLYC1807249)

  • Received Date: 2018-11-10
  • Rev Recd Date: 2019-03-08

Abstract: Resource-dependent cities (RCs) are a vulnerable group of urban settlements that often face population shrinkage; however, population changes in RCs in China are not well understood. This study offers new insight into this matter through a robust analysis that features a longer time scale, a larger sample of RCs, and a finer unit of analysis. It finds new evidence that problems of population shrinkage in RCs are more serious than previous literature has suggested. Approximately 30% of the studied units have experienced either long-term or short-term population shrinkage, and many more are experiencing a slowing down of population growth. Problems are especially common among three types of RCs:the resource-depleted RCs, the forestry-based RCs, and RCs in Northeast China. These results underscore transition policy inadequacies in addressing population loss, and call for a more comprehensive and diversified population policy that tackles the multifaceted factors that contribute to population shrinkage, including lack of industrial support, maladjustment to market oriented reformation, poor urban environment and natural population decline.

LI He, Kevin LO, ZHANG Pingyu. Population Shrinkage in Resource-dependent Cities in China: Processes, Patterns and Drivers[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2020, 30(1): 1-15. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1077-4
Citation: LI He, Kevin LO, ZHANG Pingyu. Population Shrinkage in Resource-dependent Cities in China: Processes, Patterns and Drivers[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2020, 30(1): 1-15. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1077-4
shu

    HTML

Reference (59)

Catalog

    Copyright © Editorial office of Chinese Geographical Science

    Tel: +86-0431-85542219   Email: egeoscien@neigae.ac.cn  

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return