[1] |
Asheim B, Coenen L, Vang J, 2007. Face-to-face, buzz, and knowledge bases:socio-spatial implications for learning, in-novation, and innovation policy. Environment and Planning C:Politics and Space, 25(5):655-670. doi:10.1068/c0648 |
[2] |
Bathelt H, Glückler J, 2003. Toward a relational economic geog-raphy. Journal of Economic Geography, 3(2):117-144. doi:10.1093/jeg/3.2.117 |
[3] |
Bathelt H, Malmberg A, Maskell P, 2004. Clusters and knowledge:local buzz, global pipelines and the process of knowledge creation. Progress in Human Geography, 28(1):31-56. doi:10.1191/0309132504ph469oa |
[4] |
Bathelt H, Zeng G, 2012. Strong growth in weakly-developed networks:producer-user interaction and knowledge brokers in the Greater Shanghai chemical industry. Applied Geography, 32(1):158-170. doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2010.11.015 |
[5] |
Bathelt H, Li P F, 2014. Global cluster networks:foreign direct investment flows from Canada to China. Journal of Economic Geography, 14(1):45-71. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbt005 |
[6] |
Breschi S, Lissoni F, 2004. Knowledge networks from patent data:methodological issues and research targets. In:Moed H F, Glänzel W, Schmoch U (eds). Handbook of Quantitative Science and Technology Research:the Use of Publication and Patent Statistics in Studies of S&T Systems. Dordrecht:Springer, 613-643. doi:10.1007/1-4020-2755-9_29 |
[7] |
Burt R S, 1992. Structural Holes:the Social Structure of Compe-tition. Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press. |
[8] |
Burt R S, 1997. The contingent value of social capital. Adminis-trative Science Quarterly, 42(2):339-365. doi:10.2307/2393923 |
[9] |
Burt R S, 2000. The network structure of social capital. Research in Organizational Behavior, 22:345-423. doi:10.1016/S0191-3085(00)22009-1 |
[10] |
Burt R S, 2002. Bridge decay. Social Networks, 24(4):333-363. doi:10.1016/S0378-8733(02)00017-5 |
[11] |
Burt R S, 2005. Brokerage and Closure:An Introduction to Social Capital. Oxford:Oxford University Press. |
[12] |
Coleman J, 1990. Foundations of Social Theory. Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press. |
[13] |
Coleman J S, 1988. Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94(S1):S95-S120. doi:10.1086/228943 |
[14] |
Cooke P, 2013. Qualitative analysis and comparison of firm and system incumbents in the new ICT global innovation network. European Planning Studies, 21(9):1323-1340. doi:10.1080/09654313.2012.755828 |
[15] |
Crescenzi R, Rodríguez-Pose A, Storper M, 2007. The territorial dynamics of innovation:a Europe-United States comparative analysis. Journal of Economic Geography, 7(6):673-709. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbm030 |
[16] |
de Nooy W, Mrvar A, Batagelj V, 2011. Exploratory Social Net-work Analysis with Pajek. Cambridge, MA:Cambridge Uni-versity Press. |
[17] |
Fan C C, Scott A J, 2003. Industrial agglomeration and develop-ment:a survey of spatial economic issues in East Asia and a statistical analysis of Chinese regions. Economic Geography, 79(3):295-319. |
[18] |
Gemünden H G, Ritter T, Heydebreck P, 1996. Network configu-ration and innovation success:an empirical analysis in German high-tech industries. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 13(5):449-462. doi:10.1016/S0167-8116(96) 00026-2 |
[19] |
Giuliani E, 2011. Role of technological gatekeepers in the growth of industrial clusters:evidence from Chile. Regional Studies, 45(10):1329-1348. doi:10.1080/00343404.2011.619973 |
[20] |
Grabher G, 1993. The weakness of strong ties:the lock-in of re-gional development in the Ruhr area. In:Grabher G (ed). The Embedded Firm:on Social-economics of Industrial Networks. London:Routledge, 255-277. |
[21] |
Granovetter M, 1973. The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78:1360-1380. |
[22] |
Granovetter M, 1985. Economic action and social structure:the problem of embeddedness. American Journal of Sociology, 91(3):481-510. doi:10.1086/228311 |
[23] |
He S W, Macneill S, Wang J M, 2014. Assessing overall network structure in regional innovation policies:a case study of cluster policy in the west midlands in the UK. European Planning Studies, 22(9):1940-1959. doi:10.1080/09654313.2013. 812066 |
[24] |
Huggins R, Johnston A, Thompson P, 2012. Network capital, social capital and knowledge flow:how the nature of in-ter-organizational networks impacts on innovation. Industry and Innovation, 19(3):203-232. doi:10.1080/13662716.2012. 669615 |
[25] |
Huggins R, Thompson P, 2014. A network-based view of regional growth. Journal of Economic Geography, 14(3):511-545. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbt012 |
[26] |
Huggins R, Prokop D, 2017. Network structure and regional in-novation:a study of university-industry ties. Urban Studies, 54(4):931-952. doi:10.1177/0042098016630521 |
[27] |
Johansson M, Jacob M, Hellström T, 2005. The strength of strong ties:university spin-offs and the significance of historical rela-tions. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 30(3):271-286. doi:10.1007/s10961-005-0930-z |
[28] |
Lawson C, Lorenz E, 1999. Collective learning, tacit knowledge and regional innovative capacity. Regional Studies, 33(4):305-317. doi:10.1080/713693555 |
[29] |
Lin N, Ensel W M, Vaughn J C, 1981. Social resources and strength of ties:structural factors in occupational status at-tainment. American Sociological Review, 46(4):393-405. doi:10.2307/2095260 |
[30] |
Lyu G Q, Liefner I, 2018. The spatial configuration of innovation networks in China. GeoJournal, 83(6):1393-1410. doi:10.1007/s10708-017-9844-1 |
[31] |
Ma Shuang, Zeng Ggang, Lyu Guoqing, 2014. The formation of the informal ties and its impact on the technological innovation:a case study of Dongying. Economic geography, 34(10):104-110. (in Chinese) |
[32] |
Maggioni M A, Nosvelli M, Uberti T E, 2007. Space versus net-works in the geography of innovation:a European analysis. Papers in Regional Science, 86(3):471-493. doi:10.1111/j.1435-5957.2007.00130.x |
[33] |
Maskell P, Malmberg A, 1999. Localised learning and industrial competitiveness. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 23(2):167-185. doi:10.1093/cje/23.2.167 |
[34] |
Maskell P, Malmberg A, 2007. Myopia, knowledge development and cluster evolution. Journal of Economic Geography, 7(5):603-618. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbm020 |
[35] |
Morrison A, 2008. Gatekeepers of knowledge within industrial districts:who they are, how they interact. Regional Studies, 42(6):817-835. doi:10.1080/00343400701654178 |
[36] |
Mortara L, Minshall T, 2011. How do large multinational compa-nies implement open innovation? Technovation, 31(10-11):586-597. doi:10.1016/j.technovation.2011.05.002 |
[37] |
Ponds R, van Oort F, Frenken K, 2010. Innovation, spillovers and university-industry collaboration:an extended knowledge production function approach. Journal of Economic Geogra-phy, 10(2):231-255. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbp036 |
[38] |
Reagans R, McEvily B, 2003. Network structure and knowledge transfer:the effects of cohesion and range. Administrative Science Quarterly, 48(2):240-267. doi:10.2307/3556658 |
[39] |
Rost K, 2011. The strength of strong ties in the creation of inno-vation. Research Policy, 40(4):588-604. doi:10.1016/j.respol. 2010.12.001 |
[40] |
Saviotti P P, 1998. On the dynamics of appropriability, of tacit and of codified knowledge. Research Policy, 26(7-8):843- 856. doi:10.1016/S0048-7333(97)00066-8 |
[41] |
Sorenson O, Rivkin J W, Fleming L, 2006. Complexity, networks and knowledge flow. Research Policy, 35(7):994-1017. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2006.05.002 |
[42] |
Storper M, 1997. The Regional world. London:Guilford Press. |
[43] |
Storper M, Venables A J, 2004. Buzz:face-to-face contact and the urban economy. Journal of Economic Geography, 4(4):351-370. doi:10.1093/jnlecg/lbh027 |
[44] |
Suarez F F, 2005. Network effects revisited:the role of strong ties in technology selection. Academy of Management Journal, 48(4):710-720. doi:10.5465/amj.2005.17843947 |
[45] |
Tan J, Zhang H J, Wang L, 2015. Network closure or structural hole? The conditioning effects of network-level social capital on innovation performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(5):1189-1212. doi:10.1111/etap.12102 |
[46] |
Ter Wal A L J, Boschma R A, 2009. Applying social network analysis in economic geography:framing some key analytic issues. The Annals of Regional Science, 43(3):739-756. doi:10.1007/s00168-008-0258-3 |
[47] |
Tortoriello M, Mcevily B, Krackhardt D, 2015. Being a catalyst of innovation:the role of knowledge diversity and network closure. Organization Science, 26(2):423-438. doi:10.1287/orsc.2014.0942 |
[48] |
Uzzi B, 1997. Social structure and competition in interfirm net-works:the paradox of embeddedness. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(10):35-67. doi:10.2307/2393808 |
[49] |
Vermeulen B, Pyka A, 2018. The role of network topology and the spatial distribution and structure of knowledge in regional innovation policy:a calibrated agent-based model study. Computational Economics, 52(3):773-808. doi:10.1007/s10614- 017-9776-3 |
[50] |
Wei Y D, Li W M, Wang C B, 2007. Restructuring industrial dis-tricts, scaling up regional development:a study of the Wenzhou model, China. Economic Geography, 83(4):421-444. doi:10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00381.x |
[51] |
West J, Salter A, Vanhaverbeke W et al., 2014. Open innovation:the next decade. Research Policy, 43(5):805-811. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2014.03.001 |
[52] |
Whittington K B, Owen-Smith J, Powell W W, 2009. Networks, propinquity, and innovation in knowledge-intensive industries. Administrative Science Quarterly, 54(1):90-122. doi:10.2189/asqu.2009.54.1.90 |
[53] |
Zeng G, Bathelt H, 2011. Divergent growth trajectories in China's chemical industry:the case of the newly developed industrial parks in Shanghai, Nanjing and Ningbo. Geojournal, 76(6):675-698. doi:10.1007/s10708-009-9313-6 |