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The 2012 Flash Drought Threatened US Midwest Agroecosystems

JIN Cui,  LUO Xue,  XIAO Xiangming,  DONG Jinwei,  LI Xueming,  YANG Jun,  ZHAO Deyu

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文章导航 > Chinese Geographical Science  > 2019 >  20(5): 768-783
JIN Cui, LUO Xue, XIAO Xiangming, DONG Jinwei, LI Xueming, YANG Jun, ZHAO Deyu. The 2012 Flash Drought Threatened US Midwest Agroecosystems[J]. 中国地理科学, 2019, 20(5): 768-783. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1066-7
引用本文: JIN Cui, LUO Xue, XIAO Xiangming, DONG Jinwei, LI Xueming, YANG Jun, ZHAO Deyu. The 2012 Flash Drought Threatened US Midwest Agroecosystems[J]. 中国地理科学, 2019, 20(5): 768-783. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1066-7
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JIN Cui, LUO Xue, XIAO Xiangming, DONG Jinwei, LI Xueming, YANG Jun, ZHAO Deyu. The 2012 Flash Drought Threatened US Midwest Agroecosystems[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2019, 20(5): 768-783. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1066-7
Citation: JIN Cui, LUO Xue, XIAO Xiangming, DONG Jinwei, LI Xueming, YANG Jun, ZHAO Deyu. The 2012 Flash Drought Threatened US Midwest Agroecosystems[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2019, 20(5): 768-783. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1066-7
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The 2012 Flash Drought Threatened US Midwest Agroecosystems

doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1066-7
  • 1.

    College of Urban and Environment, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China;

  • 2.

    Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, Center for Spatial Analysis, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA;

  • 3.

    Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;

  • 4.

    Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

基金项目: Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41801340), Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning, China (No. 20180550238), the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences by Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. QYZDB-SSW-DQC005)
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    ZHAO Deyu.E-mail:zhaody@igsnrr.ac.cn

The 2012 Flash Drought Threatened US Midwest Agroecosystems

  • 1.

    College of Urban and Environment, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China;

  • 2.

    Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, Center for Spatial Analysis, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA;

  • 3.

    Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;

  • 4.

    Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

Funds: Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41801340), Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning, China (No. 20180550238), the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences by Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. QYZDB-SSW-DQC005)
More Information
    Corresponding author: ZHAO Deyu.E-mail:zhaody@igsnrr.ac.cn

  • 摘要: In the summer of 2012, the US Midwest, the most productive agricultural region in the world, experienced the most intense and widespread drought on record for the past hundred years. The 2012 drought, characterized as ‘flash drought’, developed in May with a rapid intensification afterwards, and peaked in mid-July.~76% of crop region and 60% of grassland and pasture regions have been under moderate to severe dry conditions. This study used multiple lines of evidences, i.e., in-situ AmeriFlux measurements, spatial satellite observations, and scaled ecosystem modeling, to provide independent and complementary analysis on the impact of 2012 flash drought on the US Midwest vegetation greenness and photosynthesis carbon uptake. Three datasets consistently showed that 1) phenological activities of all biomes advanced 1-2 weeks earlier in 2012 compared to the other years of 2010-2014; 2) the drought had a more severe impact on agroecosystems (crop and grassland) than on forests; 3) the growth of crop and grassland was suppressed from June with significant reduction of vegetation index, sun-induced fluorescence (SIF) and gross primary production (GPP), and did not recover until the end of growing season. The modeling results showed that regional total GPP in 2012 was the lowest (1.76 Pg C/yr) during 2010-2014, and decreased by 63 Tg C compared with the other-year mean. Agroecosystems, accounting for 84% of regional GPP assimilation, were the most impacted by 2012 drought with total GPP reduction of 9%, 7%, 6%, and 29% for maize, soybean, cropland, and grassland, respectively. The frequency and severity of droughts have been predicted to increase in future. The results imply the importance to investigate the influences of flash droughts on vegetation productivity and terrestrial carbon cycling.
    Abstract: In the summer of 2012, the US Midwest, the most productive agricultural region in the world, experienced the most intense and widespread drought on record for the past hundred years. The 2012 drought, characterized as ‘flash drought’, developed in May with a rapid intensification afterwards, and peaked in mid-July.~76% of crop region and 60% of grassland and pasture regions have been under moderate to severe dry conditions. This study used multiple lines of evidences, i.e., in-situ AmeriFlux measurements, spatial satellite observations, and scaled ecosystem modeling, to provide independent and complementary analysis on the impact of 2012 flash drought on the US Midwest vegetation greenness and photosynthesis carbon uptake. Three datasets consistently showed that 1) phenological activities of all biomes advanced 1-2 weeks earlier in 2012 compared to the other years of 2010-2014; 2) the drought had a more severe impact on agroecosystems (crop and grassland) than on forests; 3) the growth of crop and grassland was suppressed from June with significant reduction of vegetation index, sun-induced fluorescence (SIF) and gross primary production (GPP), and did not recover until the end of growing season. The modeling results showed that regional total GPP in 2012 was the lowest (1.76 Pg C/yr) during 2010-2014, and decreased by 63 Tg C compared with the other-year mean. Agroecosystems, accounting for 84% of regional GPP assimilation, were the most impacted by 2012 drought with total GPP reduction of 9%, 7%, 6%, and 29% for maize, soybean, cropland, and grassland, respectively. The frequency and severity of droughts have been predicted to increase in future. The results imply the importance to investigate the influences of flash droughts on vegetation productivity and terrestrial carbon cycling.
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  • 修回日期:  2019-02-03
  • 刊出日期:  2019-10-01

The 2012 Flash Drought Threatened US Midwest Agroecosystems

doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1066-7
  • 1. College of Urban and Environment, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China;
  • 2. Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, Center for Spatial Analysis, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA;
  • 3. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;
  • 4. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    • 基金项目:  Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41801340), Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning, China (No. 20180550238), the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences by Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. QYZDB-SSW-DQC005)
    通讯作者: ZHAO Deyu.E-mail:zhaody@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 收稿日期: 2018-10-10
  • 修回日期: 2019-02-03
  • 刊出日期: 2019-10-01

摘要: In the summer of 2012, the US Midwest, the most productive agricultural region in the world, experienced the most intense and widespread drought on record for the past hundred years. The 2012 drought, characterized as ‘flash drought’, developed in May with a rapid intensification afterwards, and peaked in mid-July.~76% of crop region and 60% of grassland and pasture regions have been under moderate to severe dry conditions. This study used multiple lines of evidences, i.e., in-situ AmeriFlux measurements, spatial satellite observations, and scaled ecosystem modeling, to provide independent and complementary analysis on the impact of 2012 flash drought on the US Midwest vegetation greenness and photosynthesis carbon uptake. Three datasets consistently showed that 1) phenological activities of all biomes advanced 1-2 weeks earlier in 2012 compared to the other years of 2010-2014; 2) the drought had a more severe impact on agroecosystems (crop and grassland) than on forests; 3) the growth of crop and grassland was suppressed from June with significant reduction of vegetation index, sun-induced fluorescence (SIF) and gross primary production (GPP), and did not recover until the end of growing season. The modeling results showed that regional total GPP in 2012 was the lowest (1.76 Pg C/yr) during 2010-2014, and decreased by 63 Tg C compared with the other-year mean. Agroecosystems, accounting for 84% of regional GPP assimilation, were the most impacted by 2012 drought with total GPP reduction of 9%, 7%, 6%, and 29% for maize, soybean, cropland, and grassland, respectively. The frequency and severity of droughts have been predicted to increase in future. The results imply the importance to investigate the influences of flash droughts on vegetation productivity and terrestrial carbon cycling.

English Abstract

JIN Cui, LUO Xue, XIAO Xiangming, DONG Jinwei, LI Xueming, YANG Jun, ZHAO Deyu. The 2012 Flash Drought Threatened US Midwest Agroecosystems[J]. 中国地理科学, 2019, 20(5): 768-783. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1066-7
引用本文: JIN Cui, LUO Xue, XIAO Xiangming, DONG Jinwei, LI Xueming, YANG Jun, ZHAO Deyu. The 2012 Flash Drought Threatened US Midwest Agroecosystems[J]. 中国地理科学, 2019, 20(5): 768-783. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1066-7
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JIN Cui, LUO Xue, XIAO Xiangming, DONG Jinwei, LI Xueming, YANG Jun, ZHAO Deyu. The 2012 Flash Drought Threatened US Midwest Agroecosystems[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2019, 20(5): 768-783. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1066-7
Citation: JIN Cui, LUO Xue, XIAO Xiangming, DONG Jinwei, LI Xueming, YANG Jun, ZHAO Deyu. The 2012 Flash Drought Threatened US Midwest Agroecosystems[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2019, 20(5): 768-783. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1066-7
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