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Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China

HU Guojie,  ZHAO Lin,  LI Ren,  WU Tonghua,  WU Xiaodong,  PANG Qiangqiang,  XIAO Yao,  QIAO Yongping,  SHI Jianzong

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文章导航 > Chinese Geographical Science  > 2015 >  25(6): 713-727
HU Guojie, ZHAO Lin, LI Ren, WU Tonghua, WU Xiaodong, PANG Qiangqiang, XIAO Yao, QIAO Yongping, SHI Jianzong. Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China[J]. 中国地理科学, 2015, 25(6): 713-727. doi: 10.1007/s11769-015-0733-6
引用本文: HU Guojie, ZHAO Lin, LI Ren, WU Tonghua, WU Xiaodong, PANG Qiangqiang, XIAO Yao, QIAO Yongping, SHI Jianzong. Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China[J]. 中国地理科学, 2015, 25(6): 713-727. doi: 10.1007/s11769-015-0733-6
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HU Guojie, ZHAO Lin, LI Ren, WU Tonghua, WU Xiaodong, PANG Qiangqiang, XIAO Yao, QIAO Yongping, SHI Jianzong. Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2015, 25(6): 713-727. doi: 10.1007/s11769-015-0733-6
Citation: HU Guojie, ZHAO Lin, LI Ren, WU Tonghua, WU Xiaodong, PANG Qiangqiang, XIAO Yao, QIAO Yongping, SHI Jianzong. Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2015, 25(6): 713-727. doi: 10.1007/s11769-015-0733-6
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Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China

doi: 10.1007/s11769-015-0733-6

  • Cryosphere Research Station on Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

基金项目: Under the auspices of National Major Scientific Project of China (No. 2013CBA01803), Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41121001), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41271081), Foundation of One Hundred Person Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 51Y251571)
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    ZHAO Lin. E-mail: linzhao@lzb.ac.cn

Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China

  • Cryosphere Research Station on Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Funds: Under the auspices of National Major Scientific Project of China (No. 2013CBA01803), Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41121001), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41271081), Foundation of One Hundred Person Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 51Y251571)
More Information
    Corresponding author: ZHAO Lin. E-mail: linzhao@lzb.ac.cn

  • 摘要: Hydrothermal processes are key components in permafrost dynamics; these processes are integral to global warming. In this study the coupled heat and mass transfer model for (CoupModel) the soil-plant-atmosphere-system is applied in high-altitude permafrost regions and to model hydrothermal transfer processes in freeze-thaw cycles. Measured meteorological forcing and soil and vegetation properties are used in the CoupModel for the period from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2012 at the Tanggula observation site in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A 24-h time step is used in the model simulation. The results show that the simulated soil temperature and water content, as well as the frozen depth compare well with the measured data. The coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.97 for the mean soil temperature and 0.73 for the mean soil water content, respectively. The simulated soil heat flux at a depth of 0-20 cm is also consistent with the monitored data. An analysis is performed on the simulated hydrothermal transfer processes from the deep soil layer to the upper one during the freezing and thawing period. At the beginning of the freezing period, the water in the deep soil layer moves upward to the freezing front and releases heat during the freezing process. When the soil layer is completely frozen, there are no vertical water exchanges between the soil layers, and the heat exchange process is controlled by the vertical soil temperature gradient. During the thawing period, the downward heat process becomes more active due to increased incoming shortwave radiation at the ground surface. The melt water is quickly dissolved in the soil, and the soil water movement only changes in the shallow soil layer. Subsequently, the model was used to provide an evaluation of the potential response of the active layer to different scenarios of initial water content and climate warming at the Tanggula site. The results reveal that the soil water content and the organic layer provide protection against active layer deepening in summer, so climate warming will cause the permafrost active layer to become deeper and permafrost degradation.
    Abstract: Hydrothermal processes are key components in permafrost dynamics; these processes are integral to global warming. In this study the coupled heat and mass transfer model for (CoupModel) the soil-plant-atmosphere-system is applied in high-altitude permafrost regions and to model hydrothermal transfer processes in freeze-thaw cycles. Measured meteorological forcing and soil and vegetation properties are used in the CoupModel for the period from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2012 at the Tanggula observation site in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A 24-h time step is used in the model simulation. The results show that the simulated soil temperature and water content, as well as the frozen depth compare well with the measured data. The coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.97 for the mean soil temperature and 0.73 for the mean soil water content, respectively. The simulated soil heat flux at a depth of 0-20 cm is also consistent with the monitored data. An analysis is performed on the simulated hydrothermal transfer processes from the deep soil layer to the upper one during the freezing and thawing period. At the beginning of the freezing period, the water in the deep soil layer moves upward to the freezing front and releases heat during the freezing process. When the soil layer is completely frozen, there are no vertical water exchanges between the soil layers, and the heat exchange process is controlled by the vertical soil temperature gradient. During the thawing period, the downward heat process becomes more active due to increased incoming shortwave radiation at the ground surface. The melt water is quickly dissolved in the soil, and the soil water movement only changes in the shallow soil layer. Subsequently, the model was used to provide an evaluation of the potential response of the active layer to different scenarios of initial water content and climate warming at the Tanggula site. The results reveal that the soil water content and the organic layer provide protection against active layer deepening in summer, so climate warming will cause the permafrost active layer to become deeper and permafrost degradation.
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2013-09-30
  • 修回日期:  2014-01-08
  • 刊出日期:  2015-06-27

Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China

doi: 10.1007/s11769-015-0733-6
  • Cryosphere Research Station on Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
    • 基金项目:  Under the auspices of National Major Scientific Project of China (No. 2013CBA01803), Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41121001), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41271081), Foundation of One Hundred Person Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 51Y251571)
    通讯作者: ZHAO Lin. E-mail: linzhao@lzb.ac.cn
  • 收稿日期: 2013-09-30
  • 修回日期: 2014-01-08
  • 刊出日期: 2015-06-27

摘要: Hydrothermal processes are key components in permafrost dynamics; these processes are integral to global warming. In this study the coupled heat and mass transfer model for (CoupModel) the soil-plant-atmosphere-system is applied in high-altitude permafrost regions and to model hydrothermal transfer processes in freeze-thaw cycles. Measured meteorological forcing and soil and vegetation properties are used in the CoupModel for the period from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2012 at the Tanggula observation site in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A 24-h time step is used in the model simulation. The results show that the simulated soil temperature and water content, as well as the frozen depth compare well with the measured data. The coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.97 for the mean soil temperature and 0.73 for the mean soil water content, respectively. The simulated soil heat flux at a depth of 0-20 cm is also consistent with the monitored data. An analysis is performed on the simulated hydrothermal transfer processes from the deep soil layer to the upper one during the freezing and thawing period. At the beginning of the freezing period, the water in the deep soil layer moves upward to the freezing front and releases heat during the freezing process. When the soil layer is completely frozen, there are no vertical water exchanges between the soil layers, and the heat exchange process is controlled by the vertical soil temperature gradient. During the thawing period, the downward heat process becomes more active due to increased incoming shortwave radiation at the ground surface. The melt water is quickly dissolved in the soil, and the soil water movement only changes in the shallow soil layer. Subsequently, the model was used to provide an evaluation of the potential response of the active layer to different scenarios of initial water content and climate warming at the Tanggula site. The results reveal that the soil water content and the organic layer provide protection against active layer deepening in summer, so climate warming will cause the permafrost active layer to become deeper and permafrost degradation.

English Abstract

HU Guojie, ZHAO Lin, LI Ren, WU Tonghua, WU Xiaodong, PANG Qiangqiang, XIAO Yao, QIAO Yongping, SHI Jianzong. Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China[J]. 中国地理科学, 2015, 25(6): 713-727. doi: 10.1007/s11769-015-0733-6
引用本文: HU Guojie, ZHAO Lin, LI Ren, WU Tonghua, WU Xiaodong, PANG Qiangqiang, XIAO Yao, QIAO Yongping, SHI Jianzong. Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China[J]. 中国地理科学, 2015, 25(6): 713-727. doi: 10.1007/s11769-015-0733-6
shu
HU Guojie, ZHAO Lin, LI Ren, WU Tonghua, WU Xiaodong, PANG Qiangqiang, XIAO Yao, QIAO Yongping, SHI Jianzong. Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2015, 25(6): 713-727. doi: 10.1007/s11769-015-0733-6
Citation: HU Guojie, ZHAO Lin, LI Ren, WU Tonghua, WU Xiaodong, PANG Qiangqiang, XIAO Yao, QIAO Yongping, SHI Jianzong. Modeling Hydrothermal Transfer Processes in Permafrost Regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2015, 25(6): 713-727. doi: 10.1007/s11769-015-0733-6
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