[1] Ala-aho P, Soulsby C, Pokrovsky O S et al., 2018. Using stable isotopes to assess surface water source dynamics and hydrological connectivity in a high-latitude wetland and permafrost influenced landscape. Journal of Hydrology, 556: 279–293. doi:  10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.11.024
[2] Bai J H, Wang J J, Yan D H et al., 2012. Spatial and temporal distributions of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in two marsh wetlands with different flooding frequencies of the Yellow River Delta, China. Clean-Soil Air Water, 40(10): 1137–1144. doi:  10.1002/clen.201200059
[3] Bai J H, Zhang G L, Zhao Q Q et al., 2016. Depth-distribution patterns and control of soil organic carbon in coastal salt marshes with different plant covers. Scientific Reports, 6(1): 34835. doi:  10.1038/srep34835
[4] Bracken L J, Wainwright J, Ali G A et al., 2013. Concepts of hydrological connectivity: research approaches, pathways and future agendas. Earth-Science Reviews, 119: 17–34. doi:  10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.02.001
[5] Cao Lei, Song Jinming, Li Xuegang et al., 2013. Research progresses in carbon budget and carbon cycle of the coastal salt marshes in China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 33(17): 5141–5152. (in Chinese)
[6] Cao Zihao, Zhao Qinghe, Zuo Xianyu et al., 2018. Optimizing vegetation pattern for the riparian buffer zone along the lower yellow river based on slope hydrological connectivity. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 29(3): 739–747. (in Chinese)
[7] Chen Xing, Xu Wei, Li Kunpeng et al., 2016. Evaluation of plain river network connectivity based on graph theory: a case study of Yanjingwei in Changshu city. Water Resources Protection, 32(2): 26–29, 34. (in Chinese)
[8] Connor-Streich G, Henshaw A J, Brasington J et al., 2018. Let’s get connected: a new graph theory-based approach and toolbox for understanding braided river morphodynamics. WIREs Water, 5(5): e1296. doi:  10.1002/wat2.1296
[9] Conte P, Ferro V, 2020. Standardizing the use of fast-field cycling NMR relaxometry for measuring hydrological connectivity inside the soil. Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, 58(1): 41–50. doi:  10.1002/mrc.4907
[10] Covino T, McGlynn B, McNamara R, 2012. Land use/land cover and scale influences on in-stream nitrogen uptake kinetics. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117(G2): G02006. doi:  10.1029/2011JG001874
[11] Covino T, 2017. Hydrologic connectivity as a framework for understanding biogeochemical flux through watersheds and along fluvial networks. Geomorphology, 277: 133–144. doi:  10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.09.030
[12] Cui Baoshan, Cai Yanzi, Xie Tian et al., 2016a. Ecological effects of wetland hydrological connectivity: problems and prospects. Journal of Beijing Normal University (Natural Science), 52(6): 738–746. (in Chinese)
[13] Cui Lijuan, Ma Qiongfang, Song Hongtao et al., 2012. Estimation methods of wetland ecosystem carbon storage: a review. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 31(10): 2673–2680. (in Chinese)
[14] Cui Zhen, Shen Hong, Zhang Guangxin, 2016b. Changes of landscape patterns and hydrological connectivity of wetlands in Momoge National Natural Wetland Reserve and their driving factors for three periods. Wetland Science, 14(6): 866–873. (in Chinese)
[15] Deng X J, Xu Y P, Han L F, 2018. Impacts of human activities on the structural and functional connectivity of a river network in the Taihu Plain. Land Degradation & Development, 29(8): 2575–2588. doi:  10.1002/ldr.3008
[16] Dou P, Cui B S, Xie T et al., 2016. Macrobenthos diversity response to hydrological connectivity gradient. Wetlands, 36(1): 45–55. doi:  10.1007/s13157-014-0580-8
[17] Edmonds D A, Paola C, Hoyal D C J D et al., 2011. Quantitative metrics that describe river deltas and their channel networks. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116(F4): F04022. doi:  10.1029/2010JF001955
[18] Gao Changjun, Gao Xiaocui, Jia Peng, 2017. Summary comments on hydrologic connectivity. Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology, 23(3): 586–594. (in Chinese)
[19] Gao M S, Liu S, Zhao G M et al., 2014. Vulnerability of eco-hydrological environment in the Yellow River Delta Wetland. Journal of Coastal Research, 30(2): 344–350. doi:  10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-13-00016.1
[20] Guo Yutong, Cui Yuan, Wang Chen et al., 2019. Distribution characteristics of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in wetland components and their relationship with wetland hydrological connectivity. Journal of Nature Resources, 34(12): 2554–2568. (in Chinese)
[21] Harvey J, Gomez-Velez J, Schmadel N et al., 2019. How hydrologic connectivity regulates water quality in river corridors. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 55(2): 369–381. doi:  10.1111/1752-1688.12691
[22] Herrera M, Abraham E, Stoianov I, 2016. A graph-theoretic framework for assessing the resilience of sectorised water distribution networks. Water Resources Management, 30(5): 1685–1699. doi:  10.1007/s11269-016-1245-6
[23] Hiatt M, Passalacqua P, 2015. Hydrological connectivity in river deltas: the first-order importance of channel-island exchange. Water Resources Research, 51(4): 2264–2282. doi:  10.1002/2014WR016149
[24] Higley M C, Conroy J L, 2019. The hydrological response of surface water to recent climate variability: a remote sensing case study from the central tropical Pacific. Hydrological Processes, 33(16): 2227–2239. doi:  10.1002/hyp.13465
[25] Jia Jia, Bai Junhong, Gao Zhaoqin et al., 2015. Carbon and nitrogen contents and storages in the soils of intertidal salt marshes in the Yellow River Delta. Wetland Science, 13(6): 714–721. (in Chinese)
[26] Kaller M D, Keim R F, Edwards B L et al., 2015. Aquatic vegetation mediates the relationship between hydrologic connectivity and water quality in a managed floodplain. Hydrobiologia, 760(1): 29–41. doi:  10.1007/s10750-015-2300-7
[27] Karim F, Kinsey-Henderson A, Wallace J et al., 2014. Modelling hydrological connectivity of tropical floodplain wetlands via a combined natural and artificial stream network. Hydrological Processes, 28(23): 5696–5710. doi:  10.1002/hyp.10065
[28] Li Yuan, Zhang Haibo, Chen Xiaobing et al., 2014. Gradient distributions of nitrogen and organic carbon in the soils from inland to tidal flat in the Yellow River Delta. Geochimica, 43(4): 338–345. (in Chinese)
[29] Liu J K, Engel B A, Wang Y et al., 2019. Runoff response to soil moisture and micro-topographic structure on the plot scale. Scientific Reports, 9(1): 2532. doi:  10.1038/s41598-019-39409-6
[30] Liu J K, Engel B A, Wang Y et al., 2020. Multi-scale analysis of hydrological connectivity and plant response in the Yellow River Delta. Science of the Total Environment, 702: 134889. doi:  10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134889
[31] Lu Xianguo, Jiang Ming, 2004. Progress and prospect of wetland research in China. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 14(1): 45–51. doi:  10.1007/bf02841106
[32] Lucchese M, Waddington J M, Poulin M et al., 2010. Organic matter accumulation in a restored peatland: evaluating restoration success. Ecological Engineering, 36(4): 482–488. doi:  10.1016/j.ecoleng.2009.11.017
[33] Luo Xianxiang, Yan Qin, Yang Jianqiang et al., 2010. Study on seasonal variation characteristics and transformation process of soil nitrogen in Yellow River estuary wetland. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 24(6): 88–93. (in Chinese)
[34] Means M M, Ahn C, Korol A R et al., 2016. Carbon storage potential by four macrophytes as affected by planting diversity in a created wetland. Journal of Environmental Management, 165: 133–139. doi:  10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.09.016
[35] Myers J A, Harms K E, 2009. Seed arrival, ecological filters, and plant species richness: a meta-analysis. Ecology Letters, 12(11): 1250–1260. doi:  10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01373.x
[36] Osburn C L, Anderson N J, Stedmon C A et al., 2017. Shifts in the source and composition of dissolved organic matter in Southwest Greenland lakes along a regional hydro-climatic gradient. Journal of Geophysical Research, 122(12): 3431–3445. doi:  10.1002/2017JG003999
[37] Passalacqua P, Lanzoni S, Paola C et al., 2013. Geomorphic signatures of deltaic processes and vegetation: the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Jamuna case study. Journal of Geophysical Research, 118(3): 1838–1849. doi:  10.1002/jgrf.20128
[38] Reid M A, Reid M C, Thoms M C, 2016. Ecological significance of hydrological connectivity for wetland plant communities on a dryland floodplain river, Macintyre River, Australia. Aquatic Science, 78(1): 139–158. doi:  10.1007/s00027-015-0414-7
[39] Schillaci C, Acutis M, Lombardo L et al., 2017. Spatio-temporal topsoil organic carbon mapping of a semi-arid Mediterranean region: the role of land use, soil texture, topographic indices and the influence of remote sensing data to modelling. Science of the Total Environment, 601–602: 821–832. doi:  10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.239
[40] Schmidt J C, Wilcock P R, 2008. Metrics for assessing the downstream effects of dams. Water Resources Research, 44(4): W04404. doi:  10.1029/2006wr005092
[41] Senar O E, Webster K L, Creed I F, 2018. Catchment-scale shifts in the magnitude and partitioning of carbon export in response to changing hydrologic connectivity in a northern hardwood forest. Journal of Geophysical Research, 123(8): 2337–2352. doi:  10.1029/2018JG004468
[42] Singh M, Sinha R, 2019. Evaluating dynamic hydrological connectivity of a floodplain wetland in North Bihar, India using geostatistical methods. Science of the Total Environment, 651: 2473–2488. doi:  10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.139
[43] Song Hongli, Liu Xingtu, Wang Lizhi et al., 2018. Spatial and temporal distribution of soil organic carbon in vegetation communities of the Yellow River Delta under different disturbance levels. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 32(1): 190–196, 203. (in Chinese)
[44] Suir G M, Sasser C E, DeLaune R D et al., 2019. Comparing carbon accumulation in restored and natural wetland soils of coastal Louisiana. International Journal of Sediment Research, 34(6): 600–607. doi:  10.1016/j.ijsrc.2019.05.001
[45] Sun Jingkuan, Chi Yuan, Fu Zhanyong et al., 2020. Spatiotemporal variation of plant diversity under a unique estuarine wetland gradient system in the Yellow River Delta, China. Chinese Geographical Science, 30(2): 217–232. doi:  10.1007/s11769-020-1109-0
[46] Tejedor A, Longjas A, Zaliapin I et al., 2015. Delta channel networks: 1. A graph-theoretic approach for studying connectivity and steady state transport on deltaic surfaces. Water Resources Research, 51(6): 3998–4018. doi:  10.1002/2014WR016577
[47] Thorslund J, Cohen M J, Jawitz J W et al., 2018. Solute evidence for hydrological connectivity of geographically isolated wetlands. Land Degradation & Development, 29(11): 3954–3962. doi:  10.1002/ldr.3145
[48] Wang H, Wang R Q, Yu Y et al., 2011. Soil organic carbon of degraded wetlands treated with freshwater in the Yellow River Delta, China. Journal of Environmental Management, 92(10): 2628–2633. doi:  10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.05.030
[49] Wang Jianbu, Zhang Jie, Ma Yi et al., 2019a. Estimation of vegetation carbon storage in the Yellow River estuary wetland based on GF-1 WFV satellite image. Advances in Marine Science, 37(1): 75–83. (in Chinese)
[50] Wang Qian, Cui Yuan, Wang Chen et al., 2019b. Screening of priority restoration nodes in wetlands in Yellow River Delta based on plankton community and hydrological connectivity. Wetland Science, 17(3): 324–334. (in Chinese)
[51] Winemiller K O, McIntyre P B, Castello L, 2016. Balancing hydropower and biodiversity in the Amazon, Congo, and Mekong. Science, 351(6269): 128–129. doi:  10.1126/science.aac7082
[52] Xia Jihong, Chen Yongming, Zhou Ziye et al., 2017. Review of mechanism and quantifying methods of river system connectivity. Advances in Water Science, 28(5): 780–787. (in Chinese)
[53] Xia Zhijian, Bai Junhong, Jia Jia et al., 2015. Vertical distributions of contents and storage of carbon and nitrogen in soils in Phragmite australis salt marshes in the Yellow River Delta. Wetland Science, 13(6): 702–707. (in Chinese)
[54] Xu Guanglai, Xu Youpeng, Wang Liuyan, 2012. Evaluation of river network connectivity based on hydraulic resistance and graph theory. Advances in Water Science, 23(6): 776–781. (in Chinese)
[55] Xu Li, Yu Guirui, He Nianpeng, 2019. Increased soil organic carbon storage in Chinese terrestrial ecosystems from the 1980s to the 2010s. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 29(1): 49–66. doi:  10.1007/s11442-019-1583-4
[56] Yin Hongzhen, 2011. Disentangling the Sources and Distribution of Sedimentary Organic Matters in the Yellow River Estuarine Wetlands Using Multi-tracer Approach. Qingdao: Ocean University of China. (in Chinese)
[57] Yu J B, Zhan C, Li Y Z et al., 2016. Distribution of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in coastal wetland soil related land use in the Modern Yellow River Delta. Scientific Reports, 6(1): 37940. doi:  10.1038/srep37940
[58] Yu Junbao, Chen Xiaobing, Sun Zhigao et al., 2010. The spatial distribution characteristics of soil nutrients in new-born coastal wetland in the Yellow River Delta. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 30(4): 855–861. (in Chinese)
[59] Yu Junbao, Wang Yongli, Dong Hongfang et al., 2013. Estimation of soil organic carbon storage in coastal wetlands of modern Yellow River Delta based on landscape pattern. Wetland Science, 11(1): 1–6. (in Chinese)
[60] Yu Zibo, Zhuang Tao, Bai Junhong et al., 2019. Seasonal dynamics of soil phosphorus contents and stocks in Suaeda salsa wetlands in the intertidal zone of the Yellow River Delta, China. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 38(3): 633–640. (in Chinese)
[61] Zhang Han, Ouyang Zhencheng, Zhao Xiaomin et al., 2018b. Effects of different land use types on soil organic carbon, nitrogen and ratio of carbon to nitrogen in the plow layer of farmland soil in Jiangxi Province. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 38(6): 2486–2497. (in Chinese)
[62] Zhang Mengmeng, Liu Mengyu, Chang Qingrui et al., 2018a. Spatial distribution of organic carbon in topsoil of the loess tableland in Shaanxi Province during 1985-2015. Journal of Natural Resources, 33(11): 2032–2045. (in Chinese)
[63] Zhang Z S, Craft C B, Xue Z S et al., 2016b. Regulating effects of climate, net primary productivity, and nitrogen on carbon sequestration rates in temperate wetlands, Northeast China. Ecological Indicators, 70: 114–124. doi:  10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.05.041
[64] Zhang Zhongsheng, Lü Xianguo, Xue Zhenshan et al., 2016a. Is there a redfield-type C:N:P ratio in Chinese wetland soils. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 53(5): 1160–1169. (in Chinese)
[65] Zhang Zhongsheng, Yu Xiaojuan, Song Xiaolin et al., 2019. Impacts of hydrological connectivity on key ecological processes and functions in wetlands: a general review. Wetland Science, 17(1): 1–8. (in Chinese)
[66] Zhao Q Q, Bai J H, Liu Q et al., 2016. Spatial and seasonal variations of soil carbon and nitrogen content and stock in a tidal salt marsh with Tamarix chinensis, China. Wetlands, 36(S1): 145–152. doi:  10.1007/s13157-015-0647-1
[67] Zhao Q Q, Bai J H, Lu Q Q et al., 2017. Effects of salinity on dynamics of soil carbon in degraded coastal wetlands: implications on wetland restoration. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 97: 12–18. doi:  10.1016/j.pce.2016.08.008
[68] Zhao Q Q, Bai J H, Zhang G L et al., 2018. Effects of water and salinity regulation measures on soil carbon sequestration in coastal wetlands of the Yellow River Delta. Geoderma, 319: 219–229. doi:  10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.058
[69] Zhu Fawen, Lu Zhihua, Cai Mei et al., 2017. Evaluation of river network connectivity in plain area of Taihu basin. Hydro-Science and Engineering, (4)52–58. (in Chinese)
[70] Zou Yuxuan, Cheng Jing, Liu Kang et al., 2015. The contents of carbon and nitrogen of different forms and distribution of ammonia oxidizing prokaryotes in soils of ancient Yellow River. Wetland Science, 13(6): 752–758. (in Chinese)
[71] Zuecco G, Rinderer M, Penna D et al., 2019. Quantification of subsurface hydrologic connectivity in four headwater catchments using graph theory. Science of the Total Environment, 646: 1265–1280. doi:  10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.269