The Community Renewal of Shantytown Transformation in Old Industrial Cities: Evidence from Tiexi Worker Village in Shenyang, China

DONG Lijing; WANG Yongchao; LIN Jiayi; ZHU Ermeng

doi:10.1007/s11769-020-1164-6

Volume 30 Issue 6

Dec. 2020

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DONG Lijing, WANG Yongchao, LIN Jiayi, ZHU Ermeng. The Community Renewal of Shantytown Transformation in Old Industrial Cities: Evidence from Tiexi Worker Village in Shenyang, China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2020, 30(6): 1022-1038. doi: 10.1007/s11769-020-1164-6

Citation:

DONG Lijing, WANG Yongchao, LIN Jiayi, ZHU Ermeng. The Community Renewal of Shantytown Transformation in Old Industrial Cities: Evidence from Tiexi Worker Village in Shenyang, China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2020, 30(6): 1022-1038. doi: 10.1007/s11769-020-1164-6

The Community Renewal of Shantytown Transformation in Old Industrial Cities: Evidence from Tiexi Worker Village in Shenyang, China

doi: 10.1007/s11769-020-1164-6

School of Public Administration, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110136, China

Funds:

Under the auspices of Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program (No. XLYC1807249), Liaoning Social Science Planning Fund Project (No. L18BGL031), Project of Education Department of Liaoning Province (No. WQN201709)

Received Date: 2019-12-17

Abstract

There are many problems, such as poverty, unemployment, poor infrastructure and how to improve the ecological environment, in the shantytowns of old industrial cities. Shantytowns are the most centralized areas with different contradictions, referred to as the ‘problem areas’ of urban sustainable development. The shantytown transformation of old industrial cities is a typical process of unit community disintegration, which is reflected not only in the reconstruction of physical space but also in the community renewal of social spatial integration and culture reconstruction. Based on qualitative research, questionnaires and in-depth interviews, taking Tiexi Worker Village in Shenyang as a research case, this paper attempts to analyse the characteristics and driving forces of the community renewal of shantytown transformation in old industrial cities. We found that the physical space of Tiexi Worker Village has changed considerably, which is embodied in its land use structure, living environment and community service facilities, reflecting the development of community function from simple industrial function to comprehensive functions. The residents in this community have experienced a transformation from a period of homogeneity to one of heterogeneity. The social network of the community has been destroyed. Social stratification, social differentiation and higher fluidity have occurred. Community renewal is mainly affected by macro factors such as policy regulation, economic driving, condition constraints, and micro factors such as residents' choice of living space and willingness to renew their communities. The transformation policy of the old industrial zone and the development policy of the new urban area are the fundamental and deep-seated reasons for the renewal of Tiexi Worker Village, which determine the direction of the renewal and development of the community. The paid use of land and the development of the real estate industry are the direct stimulating factors for the renewal of Tiexi Worker Village, which become the direct reasons for the spatial transformation. The changes in the population in urban and rural areas and the promotion of traffic are the driving factors for the renewal of the community, while the choice of residents and their willingness regarding community renewal are the endogenous forces for promoting community renewal. Finally, the author attempts to put forward a model of the interlaced mechanism of the forming of community renewal at the macroscopic and microcosmic levels, which are the urban renewal and reconstruction and social space differentiation of community residents, respectively.
- old industrial city,
- shantytown,
- community renewal,
- mechanism,
- Tiexi Worker Village

References

[1]	Dai Xinzhao, Wang Jianjun, Dong Bo, 2019. Thoughts on the reconstruction mode of Guangzhou old community from the perspective of community renewal. Shanghai Urban Management, 28(1):26-31. (in Chinese)
[2]	Deng Yixin, Tan Shaohua, 2018. Study on community renewal from the perspective of healthy city:A case study of Xuetianwan community, Yuzhong District, Chongqing. In:2018 China Urban Planning Annual Meeting. Hangzhou:China Urban Planning Society, Hangzhou Municipal People's Government. (in Chinese)
[3]	Gao Yichen, Li Wangming, 2017. Organization system of machitsukuri and its formation mechanism in Japan:a case study on Yanaka, Tokyo. Modern Urban Research, (5):31-37. (in Chinese)
[4]	Guan Haoming, Lin Wenxin, Zhang Pingyu et al., 2018. Analyzing industrial structure evolution of old industrial cities using evolutionary resilience theory:a case study in Shenyang of China. Chinese Geographical Science, 28(3):516-528.
[5]	Hong Liangping, Zhao Qian, 2013. Towards community development in urban renewal experience of America and Japan and implications to China. Urban Studies, 20(3):21-24, 28. (in Chinese)
[6]	Huang Ling, Zhou Meng, 2018. Research on urban community regeneration strategy under the background of cultural renaissance. Journal of Human Settlements in West China, 33(4):1-7. (in Chinese)
[7]	Jacobs J, 1961. The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York, NY:Random House, 54.
[8]	Keare D H, Paris S, 1983. Evaluation of Shelter Programs for the Urban Poor. Washington, DC:World Bank, 32-34.
[9]	Lawson L, Kearns A, 2010. Community engagement in regeneration:are we getting the point? Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 25(1):19-36. doi: 10.1007/s10901-009-9168-7
[10]	Li Hao, 2018. The lost and awaken of publicity:street community renewal based on space justice. Planners, 34(2):25-30. (in Chinese)
[11]	Liang C M, Lee C C, Yong L R, 2020. Impacts of urban renewal on neighborhood housing prices:predicting response to psychological effects. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 35(1):191-213. doi: 10.1007/s10901-019-09673-z
[12]	Liang Yan, 2019. The development and practice of urban community micro renewal. Intelligent building and smart city, (7):84-86. (in Chinese)
[13]	Liu Fang, Wang Jian, 2008. Shenyang:change of worker village. China Archives, (1):57-59. (in Chinese)
[14]	Liu Yanjun, Zhou Guolei, Liu Degang et al., 2018.The interaction of population, industry and land in process of urbanization in China:a case study in Jilin Province. Chinese Geographical Science, 28(3):529-542.
[15]	Mumford L, 1961. The City in the History:Its Origins, Its Transformations and Its Prospects. New York:Harcourt, Brace & World, 24-27.
[16]	Rohe W M, 2008. From local to global:one hundred years of neighborhood planning. Journal of the American Planning Association, 75(2):209-230. doi:10.1080/01944360902751 077
[17]	ScottHanson C, ScottHanson K, 2004. The Cohousing Handbook:Building a Place for Community. Gabriola Island:New Society Publishers, 36.
[18]	Shan Ruiqi, 2017. Research on potential use of public space in the community micro-regeneration perspective:a case study of berlin urban gardening implement. Shanghai Urban Planning Review, (5):77-82. (in Chinese)
[19]	Sun Wenyao, Wang Lan, Zhao Gang, 2017. Concept and practice innovation of healthy community planning:a case study of urban regeneration of Zhonghe old town in Chengdu. Shanghai Urban Planning Review, (3):44-49. (in Chinese)
[20]	Sun Yan, Liu Zhiqiang, Wang Qiubing et al., 2011. Spatial expansion of urban land use and its driving forces in Shenyang city over the past century. Resources Science, 33(11):2022-2029. (in Chinese)
[21]	Talen E, 2006. Neighborhood-level social diversity:insights from Chicago. Journal of the American Planning Association, 72(4):431-446. doi: 10.1080/01944360608976764
[22]	Talò C, 2018. Community-based determinants of community engagement:a meta-analysis research. Social Indicators Research, 140(2):571-596. doi: 10.1007/s11205-017-1778-y
[23]	van Bortel G, Mullins D, 2009. Critical perspectives on network governance in urban regeneration, community involvement and integration. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 24(2):203-219. doi: 10.1007/s10901-009-9140-6
[24]	van der Ton V, van Bortel G, 2016. Exemplary urban practitioners in neighbourhood renewal:survival of the fittest… and the fitting. VOLUNTAS:International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 27(3):1323-1342. doi: 10.1007/s11266-015-9600-4
[25]	Wang Chengxu, 2006. Spatial unscrambling of urban culture. Planners, 22(4):69-72. (in Chinese)
[26]	Wu Liangyong, 1988. Watching the renovation of old cities in Beijing from the protection of old cities and ancient buildings in western Europe and related issues. In:Proceedings of Urban Planning. Beijing:Yanshan Publishing House. (in Chinese)
[27]	Yang Guiqing, He Jiangxia, 2017. Literature research and value analysis of organic renewal of traditional community. Shanghai Urban Planning Review, (5):12-16. (in Chinese)
[28]	Yang Jianqiang, 2018. Community building and urban renewal. Journal of Western Human Settlements, 33(4):4. (in Chinese)
[29]	Ye Wei, 2006. Inspiration drawn from self-help construction of community in Britain for renewal of community in China. Planners, 22(3):61-63. (in Chinese)
[30]	Zhang Chun, 2014. Community Urban form and Regeneration. Nanjing:Southeast University Press, 3.
[31]	Zhang Guonian, Tan Xuwei, Wang Na et al., 2011. Study on the spatial differentiation of Shenyang population under the reform of household registration system. In:Transformation and Reconstruction:China Urban Planning Annual Conference. Nanjing:China Urban Planning Society. (in Chinese)
[32]	Zhou Ziyu, Sun Hong, 2018. Construction of healthy communities from perspective of daily life:a case of Jiangcheng community. Urbanism and Architecture, (32):56-58. (in Chinese)
[33]	Zuo Jin, Meng Lei, Li Chen et al., 2018. Young community oriented micro-renewal action planning of traditional community. Planners, 34(2):37-41. (in Chinese)

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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The Community Renewal of Shantytown Transformation in Old Industrial Cities: Evidence from Tiexi Worker Village in Shenyang, China

School of Public Administration, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110136, China

Funds:

Received Date: 2019-12-17

Key words:

Abstract: There are many problems, such as poverty, unemployment, poor infrastructure and how to improve the ecological environment, in the shantytowns of old industrial cities. Shantytowns are the most centralized areas with different contradictions, referred to as the ‘problem areas’ of urban sustainable development. The shantytown transformation of old industrial cities is a typical process of unit community disintegration, which is reflected not only in the reconstruction of physical space but also in the community renewal of social spatial integration and culture reconstruction. Based on qualitative research, questionnaires and in-depth interviews, taking Tiexi Worker Village in Shenyang as a research case, this paper attempts to analyse the characteristics and driving forces of the community renewal of shantytown transformation in old industrial cities. We found that the physical space of Tiexi Worker Village has changed considerably, which is embodied in its land use structure, living environment and community service facilities, reflecting the development of community function from simple industrial function to comprehensive functions. The residents in this community have experienced a transformation from a period of homogeneity to one of heterogeneity. The social network of the community has been destroyed. Social stratification, social differentiation and higher fluidity have occurred. Community renewal is mainly affected by macro factors such as policy regulation, economic driving, condition constraints, and micro factors such as residents' choice of living space and willingness to renew their communities. The transformation policy of the old industrial zone and the development policy of the new urban area are the fundamental and deep-seated reasons for the renewal of Tiexi Worker Village, which determine the direction of the renewal and development of the community. The paid use of land and the development of the real estate industry are the direct stimulating factors for the renewal of Tiexi Worker Village, which become the direct reasons for the spatial transformation. The changes in the population in urban and rural areas and the promotion of traffic are the driving factors for the renewal of the community, while the choice of residents and their willingness regarding community renewal are the endogenous forces for promoting community renewal. Finally, the author attempts to put forward a model of the interlaced mechanism of the forming of community renewal at the macroscopic and microcosmic levels, which are the urban renewal and reconstruction and social space differentiation of community residents, respectively.

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Reference (33)

[1]	Dai Xinzhao, Wang Jianjun, Dong Bo, 2019. Thoughts on the reconstruction mode of Guangzhou old community from the perspective of community renewal. Shanghai Urban Management, 28(1):26-31. (in Chinese)
[2]	Deng Yixin, Tan Shaohua, 2018. Study on community renewal from the perspective of healthy city:A case study of Xuetianwan community, Yuzhong District, Chongqing. In:2018 China Urban Planning Annual Meeting. Hangzhou:China Urban Planning Society, Hangzhou Municipal People's Government. (in Chinese)
[3]	Gao Yichen, Li Wangming, 2017. Organization system of machitsukuri and its formation mechanism in Japan:a case study on Yanaka, Tokyo. Modern Urban Research, (5):31-37. (in Chinese)
[4]	Guan Haoming, Lin Wenxin, Zhang Pingyu et al., 2018. Analyzing industrial structure evolution of old industrial cities using evolutionary resilience theory:a case study in Shenyang of China. Chinese Geographical Science, 28(3):516-528.
[5]	Hong Liangping, Zhao Qian, 2013. Towards community development in urban renewal experience of America and Japan and implications to China. Urban Studies, 20(3):21-24, 28. (in Chinese)
[6]	Huang Ling, Zhou Meng, 2018. Research on urban community regeneration strategy under the background of cultural renaissance. Journal of Human Settlements in West China, 33(4):1-7. (in Chinese)
[7]	Jacobs J, 1961. The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York, NY:Random House, 54.
[8]	Keare D H, Paris S, 1983. Evaluation of Shelter Programs for the Urban Poor. Washington, DC:World Bank, 32-34.
[9]	Lawson L, Kearns A, 2010. Community engagement in regeneration:are we getting the point? Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 25(1):19-36. doi:10.1007/s10901-009-9168-7
[10]	Li Hao, 2018. The lost and awaken of publicity:street community renewal based on space justice. Planners, 34(2):25-30. (in Chinese)
[11]	Liang C M, Lee C C, Yong L R, 2020. Impacts of urban renewal on neighborhood housing prices:predicting response to psychological effects. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 35(1):191-213. doi:10.1007/s10901-019-09673-z
[12]	Liang Yan, 2019. The development and practice of urban community micro renewal. Intelligent building and smart city, (7):84-86. (in Chinese)
[13]	Liu Fang, Wang Jian, 2008. Shenyang:change of worker village. China Archives, (1):57-59. (in Chinese)
[14]	Liu Yanjun, Zhou Guolei, Liu Degang et al., 2018.The interaction of population, industry and land in process of urbanization in China:a case study in Jilin Province. Chinese Geographical Science, 28(3):529-542.
[15]	Mumford L, 1961. The City in the History:Its Origins, Its Transformations and Its Prospects. New York:Harcourt, Brace & World, 24-27.
[16]	Rohe W M, 2008. From local to global:one hundred years of neighborhood planning. Journal of the American Planning Association, 75(2):209-230. doi:10.1080/01944360902751 077
[17]	ScottHanson C, ScottHanson K, 2004. The Cohousing Handbook:Building a Place for Community. Gabriola Island:New Society Publishers, 36.
[18]	Shan Ruiqi, 2017. Research on potential use of public space in the community micro-regeneration perspective:a case study of berlin urban gardening implement. Shanghai Urban Planning Review, (5):77-82. (in Chinese)
[19]	Sun Wenyao, Wang Lan, Zhao Gang, 2017. Concept and practice innovation of healthy community planning:a case study of urban regeneration of Zhonghe old town in Chengdu. Shanghai Urban Planning Review, (3):44-49. (in Chinese)
[20]	Sun Yan, Liu Zhiqiang, Wang Qiubing et al., 2011. Spatial expansion of urban land use and its driving forces in Shenyang city over the past century. Resources Science, 33(11):2022-2029. (in Chinese)
[21]	Talen E, 2006. Neighborhood-level social diversity:insights from Chicago. Journal of the American Planning Association, 72(4):431-446. doi:10.1080/01944360608976764
[22]	Talò C, 2018. Community-based determinants of community engagement:a meta-analysis research. Social Indicators Research, 140(2):571-596. doi:10.1007/s11205-017-1778-y
[23]	van Bortel G, Mullins D, 2009. Critical perspectives on network governance in urban regeneration, community involvement and integration. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 24(2):203-219. doi:10.1007/s10901-009-9140-6
[24]	van der Ton V, van Bortel G, 2016. Exemplary urban practitioners in neighbourhood renewal:survival of the fittest… and the fitting. VOLUNTAS:International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 27(3):1323-1342. doi:10.1007/s11266-015-9600-4
[25]	Wang Chengxu, 2006. Spatial unscrambling of urban culture. Planners, 22(4):69-72. (in Chinese)
[26]	Wu Liangyong, 1988. Watching the renovation of old cities in Beijing from the protection of old cities and ancient buildings in western Europe and related issues. In:Proceedings of Urban Planning. Beijing:Yanshan Publishing House. (in Chinese)
[27]	Yang Guiqing, He Jiangxia, 2017. Literature research and value analysis of organic renewal of traditional community. Shanghai Urban Planning Review, (5):12-16. (in Chinese)
[28]	Yang Jianqiang, 2018. Community building and urban renewal. Journal of Western Human Settlements, 33(4):4. (in Chinese)
[29]	Ye Wei, 2006. Inspiration drawn from self-help construction of community in Britain for renewal of community in China. Planners, 22(3):61-63. (in Chinese)
[30]	Zhang Chun, 2014. Community Urban form and Regeneration. Nanjing:Southeast University Press, 3.
[31]	Zhang Guonian, Tan Xuwei, Wang Na et al., 2011. Study on the spatial differentiation of Shenyang population under the reform of household registration system. In:Transformation and Reconstruction:China Urban Planning Annual Conference. Nanjing:China Urban Planning Society. (in Chinese)
[32]	Zhou Ziyu, Sun Hong, 2018. Construction of healthy communities from perspective of daily life:a case of Jiangcheng community. Urbanism and Architecture, (32):56-58. (in Chinese)
[33]	Zuo Jin, Meng Lei, Li Chen et al., 2018. Young community oriented micro-renewal action planning of traditional community. Planners, 34(2):37-41. (in Chinese)

The Community Renewal of Shantytown Transformation in Old Industrial Cities: Evidence from Tiexi Worker Village in Shenyang, China

doi: 10.1007/s11769-020-1164-6

Abstract

References

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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