Effects of Snow Cover on Ground Thermal Regime: A Case Study in Heilongjiang Province of China

LI Xiaofeng; ZHENG Xingming; WU Lili; ZHAO Kai; JIANG Tao; GU Lingjia

doi:10.1007/s11769-016-0825-y

Volume 26 Issue 4

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Article Navigation > Chinese Geographical Science > 2016 > 26(4): 527-538

LI Xiaofeng, ZHENG Xingming, WU Lili, ZHAO Kai, JIANG Tao, GU Lingjia. Effects of Snow Cover on Ground Thermal Regime: A Case Study in Heilongjiang Province of China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2016, 26(4): 527-538. doi: 10.1007/s11769-016-0825-y

Citation:

LI Xiaofeng, ZHENG Xingming, WU Lili, ZHAO Kai, JIANG Tao, GU Lingjia. Effects of Snow Cover on Ground Thermal Regime: A Case Study in Heilongjiang Province of China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2016, 26(4): 527-538. doi: 10.1007/s11769-016-0825-y

Effects of Snow Cover on Ground Thermal Regime: A Case Study in Heilongjiang Province of China

doi: 10.1007/s11769-016-0825-y

LI Xiaofeng^1,2,
ZHENG Xingming^{1,2
,},
WU Lili^1,3,
ZHAO Kai^1,2,
JIANG Tao^1,2,
GU Lingjia⁴

1.
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;
2.
Changchun Jingyuetan Remote Sensing Test Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130117, China;
3.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
4.
College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China

Funds: Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41471289, 41301368), Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province (No. 20140101158JC), Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science (No. OFSLRSS201517)

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHENG Xingming
Received Date: 2016-01-08
Rev Recd Date: 2016-04-01
Publish Date: 2016-08-27

Abstract

The important effects of snow cover to ground thermal regime has received much attention of scholars during the past few decades. In the most of previous research, the effects were usually evaluated through the numerical models and many important results are found. However, less examples and insufficient data based on field measurements are available to show natural cases. In the present work, a typical case study in Mohe and Beijicun meteorological stations, which both are located in the most northern tip of China, is given to show the effects of snow cover on the ground thermal regime. The spatial (the ground profile) and time series analysis in the extremely snowy winter of 2012-2013 in Heilongjiang Province are also performed by contrast with those in the winter of 2011-2012 based on the measured data collected by 63 meteorological stations. Our results illustrate the positive (warmer) effect of snow cover on the ground temperature (GT) on the daily basis, the highest difference between GT and daily mean air temperature (DGAT) is as high as 32.35℃. Moreover, by the lag time analysis method it is found that the response time of GT from 0 cm to 20 cm ground depth to the alternate change of snow depth has 10 days lag, while at 40 cm depth the response of DGAT is not significant. This result is different from the previous research by modeling, in which the response depth of ground to the alteration of snow depth is far more than 40 cm.
- snow cover,
- ground temperature,
- lag time analysis,
- spline mean,
- difference between ground temperature and air temperature(DGAT)

References

[1]	Alvarado V, Bradford K J, 2002. A hydrothermal time model explains the cardinal temperatures for seed germination. Plant Cell Environment, 25:1061-1069.doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00894.x
[2]	Bartlett M G, Chapman D S, Harris R N, 2004. Snow and the ground temperature record of climate change. Journal of Geophysics Research, 109:F04008.doi: 10.1029/2004JF000224
[3]	Barry R G, 1996. The parameterization of surface albedo for sea ice and its snow cover. Progress in Physical Geography, 20(1):63-79.doi: 10.1177/030913339602000104
[4]	Cohen J, Rind D, 1991. The effect of snow cover on the climate. Journal of Climate, 4(7):689-706.doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(1991)004<0689:TEOSCO>2.0.CO;2
[5]	Goodrich L E, 1982. The influence of snow cover on the ground thermal regime. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 19:421-432.doi: 10.1139/t82-047
[6]	Groisman P Y, Karl T R, Knight R W et al., 1994. Changes of snow cover, temperature, and radiative heat balance over the Northern Hemisphere. Journal of Climate, 7:1633-1656.doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(1994)007%3C1633:COSCTA%3E2.0.CO;2
[7]	Gui Hanlin, Zhang Xiuhong, Wang Chunhua et al., 2009. Trends analysis of climate change in Mohe county in 50 years. Modernizing Agriculture, 6:24-26. (in Chinese)
[8]	Huang N E, Shen Z, Long S R et al., 1998. The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis. Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 454:903-995.doi: 10.1098/rspa.1998.0193
[9]	Ling F, Zhang T J, 2003. Impact of the timing and duration of snow cover on the active layer and permafrost in the Alaskan Arctic. Permafrost Periglacial Process, 14:141-150.doi: 10.1002/ppp.445
[10]	Ling F, Zhang T J, 2006. Sensitivity of ground thermal regime and surface energy fluxes to tundra snow density in northern Alaska. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 44:121-130.doi: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2005.09.002
[11]	Ling F, Zhang T J, 2007. Modeled impacts of changes in tundra snow thickness on ground thermal regime and heat flow to the atmosphere in Northernmost Alaska. Global and Planetary Change, 57:235-246.doi: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.11.009
[12]	Liston G E, Mcfadden J P, Sturm M et al., 2002. Modeled changes in arctic tundra snow, energy and moisture fluxes due to increased shrubs. Global Change Biology, 8:17-32.doi: 10.1046/j.1354-1013.2001.00416.x
[13]	Li X F, Zhao K, Wu L L et al., 2014. Spatiotemporal analysis of snow depth inversion based on the FengYun-3B MicroWave Radiation Imager:a case study in Heilongjiang Province, China. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, 8(1):084682.doi: 10.1117/1.JRS.8.084682
[14]	Mackiewicz M C, 2012. A new approach to quantifying soil temperature responses to changing air temperature and snow cover. Polar Science, 6:226-236.doi:10.1016/j.polar.2012. 06.003
[15]	Taras B, Sturm M, Liston G E, 2002. Snow-ground interface temperatures in the Kuparuk River basin, Arctic Alaska:measurements and model. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 3:377-394.doi: 10.1175/1525-7541(2002)003<0377:SGITIT>2.0.CO;2
[16]	Robinson D A, Dewey K F, Heim Jr. R R, 1993. Global snow monitoring:an update. Bulletin of American Meteorological Society, 74:1557-1560.doi: 10.1175/1520-0477(1993)074<1689:GSCMAU>2.0.CO;2
[17]	Sturm M, Holmgren J, Konig M et al., 1997. The thermal conductivity of seasonal snow. Journal of Glaciology, 43(143):26-41.doi: 10.3198/1997JoG43-143-26-41
[18]	Zhang T J, Osterkamp T E, Stamnes K, 1997. Effect of climate on the active layer and permafrost on the north slope of Alaskan, U.S.A.. Permafrost Periglacial Process, 8:45-67.doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1530(199701)8:1<45::AID-PPP240>3.0.CO;2-K
[19]	Zhang T J, 2005. Influence of snow cover on the ground thermal regime:an overview. Reviews of Geophysics, 4(43):RG4002.doi: 10.1029/2004RG000157
[20]	Zheng Xingming, Zhao Kai, Li Xiaofeng et al., 2015. Moisture derived from microwave remote sensing in Northeast China. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 35(3):334-339. (in Chinese)

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Effects of Snow Cover on Ground Thermal Regime: A Case Study in Heilongjiang Province of China

1. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;

2. Changchun Jingyuetan Remote Sensing Test Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130117, China;

3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;

4. College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China

Corresponding author: ZHENG Xingming

Received Date: 2016-01-08

Rev Recd Date: 2016-04-01

Publish Date: 2016-08-27

Key words:

snow cover /
ground temperature /
lag time analysis /
spline mean /
difference between ground temperature and air temperature(DGAT)

Abstract: The important effects of snow cover to ground thermal regime has received much attention of scholars during the past few decades. In the most of previous research, the effects were usually evaluated through the numerical models and many important results are found. However, less examples and insufficient data based on field measurements are available to show natural cases. In the present work, a typical case study in Mohe and Beijicun meteorological stations, which both are located in the most northern tip of China, is given to show the effects of snow cover on the ground thermal regime. The spatial (the ground profile) and time series analysis in the extremely snowy winter of 2012-2013 in Heilongjiang Province are also performed by contrast with those in the winter of 2011-2012 based on the measured data collected by 63 meteorological stations. Our results illustrate the positive (warmer) effect of snow cover on the ground temperature (GT) on the daily basis, the highest difference between GT and daily mean air temperature (DGAT) is as high as 32.35℃. Moreover, by the lag time analysis method it is found that the response time of GT from 0 cm to 20 cm ground depth to the alternate change of snow depth has 10 days lag, while at 40 cm depth the response of DGAT is not significant. This result is different from the previous research by modeling, in which the response depth of ground to the alteration of snow depth is far more than 40 cm.

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Reference (20)

[1]	Alvarado V, Bradford K J, 2002. A hydrothermal time model explains the cardinal temperatures for seed germination. Plant Cell Environment, 25:1061-1069.doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00894.x
[2]	Bartlett M G, Chapman D S, Harris R N, 2004. Snow and the ground temperature record of climate change. Journal of Geophysics Research, 109:F04008.doi:10.1029/2004JF000224
[3]	Barry R G, 1996. The parameterization of surface albedo for sea ice and its snow cover. Progress in Physical Geography, 20(1):63-79.doi:10.1177/030913339602000104
[4]	Cohen J, Rind D, 1991. The effect of snow cover on the climate. Journal of Climate, 4(7):689-706.doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1991)004<0689:TEOSCO>2.0.CO;2
[5]	Goodrich L E, 1982. The influence of snow cover on the ground thermal regime. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 19:421-432.doi:10.1139/t82-047
[6]	Groisman P Y, Karl T R, Knight R W et al., 1994. Changes of snow cover, temperature, and radiative heat balance over the Northern Hemisphere. Journal of Climate, 7:1633-1656.doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1994)007%3C1633:COSCTA%3E2.0.CO;2
[7]	Gui Hanlin, Zhang Xiuhong, Wang Chunhua et al., 2009. Trends analysis of climate change in Mohe county in 50 years. Modernizing Agriculture, 6:24-26. (in Chinese)
[8]	Huang N E, Shen Z, Long S R et al., 1998. The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis. Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 454:903-995.doi:10.1098/rspa.1998.0193
[9]	Ling F, Zhang T J, 2003. Impact of the timing and duration of snow cover on the active layer and permafrost in the Alaskan Arctic. Permafrost Periglacial Process, 14:141-150.doi:10.1002/ppp.445
[10]	Ling F, Zhang T J, 2006. Sensitivity of ground thermal regime and surface energy fluxes to tundra snow density in northern Alaska. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 44:121-130.doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2005.09.002
[11]	Ling F, Zhang T J, 2007. Modeled impacts of changes in tundra snow thickness on ground thermal regime and heat flow to the atmosphere in Northernmost Alaska. Global and Planetary Change, 57:235-246.doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.11.009
[12]	Liston G E, Mcfadden J P, Sturm M et al., 2002. Modeled changes in arctic tundra snow, energy and moisture fluxes due to increased shrubs. Global Change Biology, 8:17-32.doi:10.1046/j.1354-1013.2001.00416.x
[13]	Li X F, Zhao K, Wu L L et al., 2014. Spatiotemporal analysis of snow depth inversion based on the FengYun-3B MicroWave Radiation Imager:a case study in Heilongjiang Province, China. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, 8(1):084682.doi:10.1117/1.JRS.8.084682
[14]	Mackiewicz M C, 2012. A new approach to quantifying soil temperature responses to changing air temperature and snow cover. Polar Science, 6:226-236.doi:10.1016/j.polar.2012. 06.003
[15]	Taras B, Sturm M, Liston G E, 2002. Snow-ground interface temperatures in the Kuparuk River basin, Arctic Alaska:measurements and model. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 3:377-394.doi:10.1175/1525-7541(2002)003<0377:SGITIT>2.0.CO;2
[16]	Robinson D A, Dewey K F, Heim Jr. R R, 1993. Global snow monitoring:an update. Bulletin of American Meteorological Society, 74:1557-1560.doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1993)074<1689:GSCMAU>2.0.CO;2
[17]	Sturm M, Holmgren J, Konig M et al., 1997. The thermal conductivity of seasonal snow. Journal of Glaciology, 43(143):26-41.doi:10.3198/1997JoG43-143-26-41
[18]	Zhang T J, Osterkamp T E, Stamnes K, 1997. Effect of climate on the active layer and permafrost on the north slope of Alaskan, U.S.A.. Permafrost Periglacial Process, 8:45-67.doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1530(199701)8:1<45::AID-PPP240>3.0.CO;2-K
[19]	Zhang T J, 2005. Influence of snow cover on the ground thermal regime:an overview. Reviews of Geophysics, 4(43):RG4002.doi:10.1029/2004RG000157
[20]	Zheng Xingming, Zhao Kai, Li Xiaofeng et al., 2015. Moisture derived from microwave remote sensing in Northeast China. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 35(3):334-339. (in Chinese)

Effects of Snow Cover on Ground Thermal Regime: A Case Study in Heilongjiang Province of China

doi: 10.1007/s11769-016-0825-y

Abstract

References

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