1994 Vol. 4, No. 4
Display Method:
1994, 4(4): 289-294.
Abstract:
Based on the archaeological rice cultivation with the 14C dating of about 4000-5000 a B.P. the author holds that the plain at the lower reaches of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River is one origin of rice cultivation in Asia and the other is Allahabad of India. The Propagation of ancient rice cultivation in China can be divided into three stages, namely 4000-3000, 2635-2420 and about 1000 a B.P. It is inferred that there were two ways for Propagating rice cultivation from China to Japan. One was from lower reaches of Changjiang River to Kyushu by sea way and the other was from Shandong Peninsula to southern Korea and then to Kyushu. The age of propagating rice cultivation into Vietnam from South China is about 1000 a B.P. Being influenced by cimatic changes since about 5000 a B.P. the propagation of rice cultivation was stagnated for two times at least, for example, the three warm climatic stages and the two cold singes were quitc in correspondence with the propogation and stagnation stages of rice cultivation, respectively, in China. During the ancient times the development of paddy rice was directive related to the fluctuation of sea level which is in keeping with the climatic changes.
Based on the archaeological rice cultivation with the 14C dating of about 4000-5000 a B.P. the author holds that the plain at the lower reaches of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River is one origin of rice cultivation in Asia and the other is Allahabad of India. The Propagation of ancient rice cultivation in China can be divided into three stages, namely 4000-3000, 2635-2420 and about 1000 a B.P. It is inferred that there were two ways for Propagating rice cultivation from China to Japan. One was from lower reaches of Changjiang River to Kyushu by sea way and the other was from Shandong Peninsula to southern Korea and then to Kyushu. The age of propagating rice cultivation into Vietnam from South China is about 1000 a B.P. Being influenced by cimatic changes since about 5000 a B.P. the propagation of rice cultivation was stagnated for two times at least, for example, the three warm climatic stages and the two cold singes were quitc in correspondence with the propogation and stagnation stages of rice cultivation, respectively, in China. During the ancient times the development of paddy rice was directive related to the fluctuation of sea level which is in keeping with the climatic changes.
1994, 4(4): 295-302.
Abstract:
The Paper mainly applies multi-disciplinary theory, methods and geographic information system (GIS) technology to study the investment environment for coastal port cities. The methods of studying urban investment environment using GIS prompted. In this peper, it is mentioned that the study of investment environment with GIS can be divided into 3 layers of macro scope, medium scope and micro scope in the paper. A powerful user-friendly UIEIS (Urban Investment Environment Information System) has been designed to study the urban investment environment. A series of application analysis models (including investment environment assessment models, investment site selection models, documental data management models, statistical data.graph display model, economic analysis and prediction models, network analysis models) are developed for investment environment studies in coastal port cities. Ningbo, a very important coastal port city, is chosen as a pilot study city.
The Paper mainly applies multi-disciplinary theory, methods and geographic information system (GIS) technology to study the investment environment for coastal port cities. The methods of studying urban investment environment using GIS prompted. In this peper, it is mentioned that the study of investment environment with GIS can be divided into 3 layers of macro scope, medium scope and micro scope in the paper. A powerful user-friendly UIEIS (Urban Investment Environment Information System) has been designed to study the urban investment environment. A series of application analysis models (including investment environment assessment models, investment site selection models, documental data management models, statistical data.graph display model, economic analysis and prediction models, network analysis models) are developed for investment environment studies in coastal port cities. Ningbo, a very important coastal port city, is chosen as a pilot study city.
1994, 4(4): 303-309.
Abstract:
The cultural Process of the Zhujiang River Delta began 6, 000 a B.P.. The origins and Propagation of different kinds of cultures have close relations tO its climatic change, especially to its sea-land change in Holocene. These relations are showed in three respects. (1) The environmental change in Holocene results in the cultural evolution of the Zhujiang River Delta;and different kinds of cultures show the environmental characteristics at that time. (2) The horticultural culture and the rice-growing culture are all developed in the Zhujiang River Delta, but they have different cultural ecological factors and are not a successive developing process. (3) The environmental change promotes the propagation of the late Primitive culture and the rice-gowing culture and the formation of the late primitive culture district and the rice-growing cultural district of the Zhujiang River Delta.
The cultural Process of the Zhujiang River Delta began 6, 000 a B.P.. The origins and Propagation of different kinds of cultures have close relations tO its climatic change, especially to its sea-land change in Holocene. These relations are showed in three respects. (1) The environmental change in Holocene results in the cultural evolution of the Zhujiang River Delta;and different kinds of cultures show the environmental characteristics at that time. (2) The horticultural culture and the rice-growing culture are all developed in the Zhujiang River Delta, but they have different cultural ecological factors and are not a successive developing process. (3) The environmental change promotes the propagation of the late Primitive culture and the rice-gowing culture and the formation of the late primitive culture district and the rice-growing cultural district of the Zhujiang River Delta.
1994, 4(4): 310-321.
Abstract:
At present, approximately 36% of coasts are experiencing net erosion in the Changjiang River delta and the north Jiangru coastal plain. Future sea level rise will accelerate the process of coastal erosion. According to the ratio of the calculated value of coast retreat by Bruun rule to the estimated value by using measured data, the proportion affected by sea level rise in total coastal erosion has been estimated in this paper. When sea level rises by 20cm, the proportion determined by sea level rise will increase from 1.0% at Present to 2.2% in the future in the coasts of abandoned Huanghe River delta and from 8.5%/-9.6% to 13.5%- 15.2% in the north and south banks of the Changjiang River delta. This result is lower than that from the similar research in the world, and this phenomenon is related with the special development process of the coasts in this area. The mechanism of accelerating coastal erosion by sea.level rise is that sea level is will increase the intensity of tidal current, wave and storm surge and decrease the ability to reduce the force of waves on the tidal flat and coastal wetland due to the loss of their areas. Therefore, the length of erosion coasts will increase, the sedimentation rate of accretion coasts will decrease or even turn accretion into erosion, the width of tidal flat will reduce and coastal slope will increase. So the project of coastal protection of this area must be reinforced.
At present, approximately 36% of coasts are experiencing net erosion in the Changjiang River delta and the north Jiangru coastal plain. Future sea level rise will accelerate the process of coastal erosion. According to the ratio of the calculated value of coast retreat by Bruun rule to the estimated value by using measured data, the proportion affected by sea level rise in total coastal erosion has been estimated in this paper. When sea level rises by 20cm, the proportion determined by sea level rise will increase from 1.0% at Present to 2.2% in the future in the coasts of abandoned Huanghe River delta and from 8.5%/-9.6% to 13.5%- 15.2% in the north and south banks of the Changjiang River delta. This result is lower than that from the similar research in the world, and this phenomenon is related with the special development process of the coasts in this area. The mechanism of accelerating coastal erosion by sea.level rise is that sea level is will increase the intensity of tidal current, wave and storm surge and decrease the ability to reduce the force of waves on the tidal flat and coastal wetland due to the loss of their areas. Therefore, the length of erosion coasts will increase, the sedimentation rate of accretion coasts will decrease or even turn accretion into erosion, the width of tidal flat will reduce and coastal slope will increase. So the project of coastal protection of this area must be reinforced.
1994, 4(4): 322-332.
Abstract:
The structure and dynamics of land resources system in the shelter forest region in the Northeast Plain is discussed according to the remote sensing and statistical information from the typical profiles and spots. For agricultural utilization, the land resources system is made up of five components, i.e. man, land resources, water resources, climatic resources and barren land. The local economy depends heavily upon its land resources, especially farm land. Having been exploited for 50-60 years from the 1930s to 1980s, it has already changed from the reclaiming period into the declining period.There is no waste land to be reclaimed. Facing the increase of population and requirements and the decrease of farmland fertility, proper management of land resources is indispensable if local economic and living level is maintained. It is imperative to make artificial regeneration (highest input) for the land resources and to keep fine circle of thesystem. If only natural regeneration if relied, the system will be changed to vicious circle.
The structure and dynamics of land resources system in the shelter forest region in the Northeast Plain is discussed according to the remote sensing and statistical information from the typical profiles and spots. For agricultural utilization, the land resources system is made up of five components, i.e. man, land resources, water resources, climatic resources and barren land. The local economy depends heavily upon its land resources, especially farm land. Having been exploited for 50-60 years from the 1930s to 1980s, it has already changed from the reclaiming period into the declining period.There is no waste land to be reclaimed. Facing the increase of population and requirements and the decrease of farmland fertility, proper management of land resources is indispensable if local economic and living level is maintained. It is imperative to make artificial regeneration (highest input) for the land resources and to keep fine circle of thesystem. If only natural regeneration if relied, the system will be changed to vicious circle.
1994, 4(4): 333-344.
Abstract:
Urbanizatkin, as a company of industrialization, is a general process in the world economic development. After the World War Ⅱ, this process began to accelerate in developing countries and continues rapidly today. The author develops a theoretical model in this articles to explain the different urbanization ways between developed and developing countries. Based on the two sectors analysis, the author examines the main factors that encourage or restrain labor force mobility between rural and urban areas and sets up the balance as well as unbalance models. This theory can explain the unbalanced situation in China's urbanization and understanding the impact of population policy as well as industrial development Policy.
Urbanizatkin, as a company of industrialization, is a general process in the world economic development. After the World War Ⅱ, this process began to accelerate in developing countries and continues rapidly today. The author develops a theoretical model in this articles to explain the different urbanization ways between developed and developing countries. Based on the two sectors analysis, the author examines the main factors that encourage or restrain labor force mobility between rural and urban areas and sets up the balance as well as unbalance models. This theory can explain the unbalanced situation in China's urbanization and understanding the impact of population policy as well as industrial development Policy.
1994, 4(4): 345-351.
Abstract:
The tropic region of Yunnan is a treasurable land with rich resources and great development potentials. The natural environment and resources of the region are characterized by a complicated topography, great height deviation, monsoon climate as well as abound biological resources. Therefore, the tropic region becomes an ideal place for developing agricultural production base, though it do exist such problems as adverse location, sparsely distributed land resources, poor traffic conditions and deterioration of ecological environment. In order to further exploit the tropical resources and to implement comprehensive harnessing, we should take the following countermeasures:Working out a comprehensive development planning;restoring ecological environment, establishing agricultural production base;tapping fully water resources;constructing the traffic line and developing the border ports and tourism spots.
The tropic region of Yunnan is a treasurable land with rich resources and great development potentials. The natural environment and resources of the region are characterized by a complicated topography, great height deviation, monsoon climate as well as abound biological resources. Therefore, the tropic region becomes an ideal place for developing agricultural production base, though it do exist such problems as adverse location, sparsely distributed land resources, poor traffic conditions and deterioration of ecological environment. In order to further exploit the tropical resources and to implement comprehensive harnessing, we should take the following countermeasures:Working out a comprehensive development planning;restoring ecological environment, establishing agricultural production base;tapping fully water resources;constructing the traffic line and developing the border ports and tourism spots.
1994, 4(4): 352-370.
Abstract:
The present paper made an analysis of the features of the land, water, climatic and biological resources of Poyang Lake, the largest body of fresh water in china, whose water-covered area shows great variation between the flood and the dry seasons. It is a lake of transit water, the maximum recorded annual runoff, being 1, 457×108m3. Yet the great fluctuation of its runoff in different months and different years renders its function in storing and regulating the water of the Changjiang River limited and inopportune. On the other hand, the Poyang Lake is a high-valued district in sunshine hours, water evaporation and wind energy, it serves as a temperature moderator.Abundant in bioresources, the lake formed an integrated water ecosptem and a water-land alternated landbeach-grassy sandbar ecosystem. Finally, the author put forward the strategy of renovating poyang Lake by harnessing its water system;bringing the lake level under artificial control;harmonizing the relationship between Poyang Lake and the Changjiang River and making full use of the comprehensive advantages of the fake's resouces.
The present paper made an analysis of the features of the land, water, climatic and biological resources of Poyang Lake, the largest body of fresh water in china, whose water-covered area shows great variation between the flood and the dry seasons. It is a lake of transit water, the maximum recorded annual runoff, being 1, 457×108m3. Yet the great fluctuation of its runoff in different months and different years renders its function in storing and regulating the water of the Changjiang River limited and inopportune. On the other hand, the Poyang Lake is a high-valued district in sunshine hours, water evaporation and wind energy, it serves as a temperature moderator.Abundant in bioresources, the lake formed an integrated water ecosptem and a water-land alternated landbeach-grassy sandbar ecosystem. Finally, the author put forward the strategy of renovating poyang Lake by harnessing its water system;bringing the lake level under artificial control;harmonizing the relationship between Poyang Lake and the Changjiang River and making full use of the comprehensive advantages of the fake's resouces.
1994, 4(4): 371-382.
Abstract:
Zhaotong Prefecture has the area of 22, 434km2, where there are more than 330 debris flow ravines, with the average spatial density of 14.7 spots per 1, 000km2. According to the method of evaluation on the regional risk of debris flow, this study has come to the following conclusions:Qiaojia County-risk grade V, Yongshan, Yanjin, Ludian, Daguan, Weixin and Zhenxiong counties-risk grade Ⅲ;Yiliang, Suijiang-Shuifu and Zhaotong City-risk grade Ⅱ.Compared with the field investigation, the result is satisfied.
Zhaotong Prefecture has the area of 22, 434km2, where there are more than 330 debris flow ravines, with the average spatial density of 14.7 spots per 1, 000km2. According to the method of evaluation on the regional risk of debris flow, this study has come to the following conclusions:Qiaojia County-risk grade V, Yongshan, Yanjin, Ludian, Daguan, Weixin and Zhenxiong counties-risk grade Ⅲ;Yiliang, Suijiang-Shuifu and Zhaotong City-risk grade Ⅱ.Compared with the field investigation, the result is satisfied.
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