Optimizing Hotspot Areas for Ecological Planning and Management Based on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

XIAO Yang; OUYANG Zhiyun; XU Weihua; XIAO Yi; ZHENG Hua; XIAN Chaofan

doi:10.1007/s11769-016-0803-4

Volume 26 Issue 2

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Chinese Geographical Science > 2016 > 26(2): 256-269

XIAO Yang, OUYANG Zhiyun, XU Weihua, XIAO Yi, ZHENG Hua, XIAN Chaofan. Optimizing Hotspot Areas for Ecological Planning and Management Based on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2016, 26(2): 256-269. doi: 10.1007/s11769-016-0803-4

Citation:

XIAO Yang, OUYANG Zhiyun, XU Weihua, XIAO Yi, ZHENG Hua, XIAN Chaofan. Optimizing Hotspot Areas for Ecological Planning and Management Based on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2016, 26(2): 256-269. doi: 10.1007/s11769-016-0803-4

Optimizing Hotspot Areas for Ecological Planning and Management Based on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

doi: 10.1007/s11769-016-0803-4

State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China

Funds: Under the auspices of National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China (No. 2011BAC09B08), Special Issue of National Remote Sensing Survey and Assessment of Eco-Environment Change Between 2000 and 2010 (No. STSN-04-01)

More Information

Corresponding author: OUYANG Zhiyun
Received Date: 2015-05-25
Rev Recd Date: 2015-09-21
Publish Date: 2016-02-27

Abstract

The significance of biodiversity and ecosystem services are gradually recognized by human as an approach towards sustainability, so it is important to understand relationships and congruence between them to support conservation planning, especially in the hotspot areas with a prominent role in conservation. However, the management of most conservation hotspots mainly focused on biodiversity, and rarely concerned with ecosystem services. With the aim of proposing criteria for conservation strategies that contribute to the optimization of biodiversity and ecosystem services, in this study, a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based approach was designed to estimate and map the biodiversity and ecosystem services in Chongqing Municipality of China. Furthermore, the distributions of hotspot areas for biodiversity and ecosystem services were mapped based on the relationship between cumulative ecosystem services and areas. Finally the statistical analysis was processed focused on specific conservation objectives. The results showed that hotspot areas can conserve the most biodiversity but with the least ecosystem services under the conservation plans target to biodiversity conservation. In contrast, depending on the ecosystem services of interest, hotspot areas can conserve the largest ecosystem services but with the least biodiversity. By integrating biodiversity and ecosystem services into conservation plan, we found that the conservation and regeneration of these small areas, would contribute to a conservation of 44% of the biodiversity hotspot and 14%-42% of the ecosystem services hotspot. Moreover, the current nature reserve selection was not maximize the biodiversity and ecosystem services compared to integration strategy, indicating that hotspot areas conservation and selection is vital for optimization protection of biodiversity and ecosystem services, and has practical significance for natural resources and ecosystem management.
- biodiversity,
- ecosystem services,
- hotspot,
- nature reserve,
- Chongqing Municipality, China

References

[1]	Allen R G, Pereira L S, Raes D et al., 1998. Crop Evapotranspiration-Guidelines for Computing Crop Water Requirements-FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56. Rome: FAO Press.
[2]	Bai Y, Zhuang C W, Ouyang Z et al., 2011. Spatial characteristics between biodiversity and ecosystem services in a human-dominated watershed. Ecological Complexity, 8(2): 177-183. doi: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2011.01.007
[3]	Balvanera P, Daily G C, Ehrlich P R et al., 2001. Conserving biodiversity and ecosystem services. Science, 291(5511): 2047. doi: 10.1126/science.291.5511.2047
[4]	Band L E, Hwang T, Hales T C et al., 2012. Ecosystem processes at the watershed scale: mapping and modeling ecohydrological controls of landslides. Geomorphology, 137(1): 159-167. doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.06.025
[5]	Bookbinder M P, Dinerstein E, Rijal A et al., 1998. Ecotourism's support of biodiversity conservation. Conservation Biology, 12(6): 1399-1404.
[6]	Budyko M I, 1974. Climate and Life. San Diego, California: Academic Press.
[7]	Canadell J, Jackson R B, Ehleringer J B et al., 1996. Maximum rooting depth of vegetation types at the global scale. Oecologia, 108(4): 583-595. doi: 10.1007/BF00329030
[8]	Chan K M A, Shaw M R, Cameron D R et al., 2006. Conservation planning for ecosystem services. PLoS Biology, 4(11): 2138-2152. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040379
[9]	Chen L, Xie G D, Zhang C S et al., 2011. Modelling ecosystem water supply services across the Lancang River Basin. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2(4): 322-327. doi: 10.3969/j.issn. 1674-764x.2011.04.005
[10]	Chen S T, Huang Y, Zou J W et al., 2012. Interannual variability in soil respiration from terrestrial ecosystems in China and its response to climate change. Science China Earth Sciences, 55(12): 2091-2098. doi: 10.1007/s11430-012-4464-6
[11]	Costanza R, d'Arge R, de Groot R et al., 1997. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature, 387(6630): 253-260.
[12]	Crabtree R, Potter C, Mullen R et al., 2009. A modeling and spatio-temporal analysis framework for monitoring environmental change using NPP as an ecosystem indicator. Remote Sensing of Environment, 113(7): 1486-1496. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2008. 12.014
[13]	Daily G C, Matson P A, 2008. Ecosystem services: from theory to implementation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105(28): 9455-9456. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0804960105
[14]	De Fries R S, Foley J A, Asner G P, 2004. Land-use choices: balancing human needs and ecosystem function. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 2(5): 249-257. doi: 10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002
[15]	De Groot R S, Alkemade R, Braat L et al., 2010. Challenges in integrating the concept of ecosystem services and values in landscape planning, management and decision making. Ecological Complexity, 7(3): 260-272. doi: 10.1016/j.ecocom. 2009.10.006
[16]	Droogers P, Allen R G, 2002. Estimating reference evapotranspiration under inaccurate data conditions. Irrigation and Drainage Systems, 16(1): 33-45. doi: 10.1023/A:1015508322413
[17]	Egoh B, Rouget M, Reyers B et al., 2007. Integrating ecosystem services into conservation assessments: a review. Ecological Economics, 63(4): 714-721. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.04. 007
[18]	Egoh B, Reyers B, Rouget M et al., 2008. Mapping ecosystem services for planning and management. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 127(1-2): 135-140. doi: 10.1016/j.agee. 2008.03.013
[19]	Egoh B, Reyers B, Rouget M et al., 2009. Spatial congruence between biodiversity and ecosystem services in South Africa. Biological Conservation, 142(3): 553-562. doi: 10.1016/j. biocon.2008.11.009
[20]	Eigenbrod F, Anderson B J, Armsworth P R et al., 2009. Ecosystem service benefits of contrasting conservation strategies in a human-dominated region. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 276(1699): 2903-2911. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2009.0528
[21]	Fu B J, Liu Y, Lu Y H et al., 2011. Assessing the soil erosion control service of ecosystems change in the Loess Plateau of China. Ecological Complexity, 8(4): 284-293. doi: 10.1016/j. ecocom.2011.07.003
[22]	Gao X, Huete A R, Ni W et al., 2000. Optical-biophysical relationships of vegetation spectra without background contamination. Remote Sensing of Environment, 74(3): 609-620. doi: 10.1016/S0034-4257(00)00150-4
[23]	Goldman R L, Tallis H, Kareiva P et al., 2008. Field evidence that ecosystem service projects support biodiversity and diversify options. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105(27): 9445-9448. doi: 10. 1073/pnas.0800208105
[24]	Hargreaves G H, Samani Z A, 1985. Reference crop evapotranspiration from temperature. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 1(2): 96-99.
[25]	Hewlett J D, 1982. Principles of Forest Hydrology. University of Georgia Press, Athens, Georgia, USA.
[26]	Hickey R, 2000. Slope angle and slope length solutions for GIS. Cartography, 29(1): 1-8. doi: 10.1080/00690805.2000.9714334
[27]	Hunter L M, Manuel D J, Gonzalez G et al., 2003. Population and land use change in the California Mojave: natural habitat implications of alternative futures. Population Research and Policy Review, 22(4): 373-397. doi: 10.1023/A:1027311225410
[28]	Janzen D H, 1998. Gardenification of wildland nature and the human footprint. Science, 279(5355): 1312-1313. doi: 10.1126/science.279.5355.1312
[29]	Jin Z, Qi Y C, Dong Y S, 2007. Storage of biomass and net primary productivity in desert shrubland of Artemisia ordosica on Ordos Plateau of Inner Mongolia, China. Journal of Forestry Research, 18(4): 298-300. doi: 10.1007/s11676-007-0059-z
[30]	Jonsson P, Eklundh L, 2002. Seasonality extraction by function fitting to time-series of satellite sensor data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 40(8): 1824-1932. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2002.802519
[31]	Jonsson P, Eklundh L, 2004. TIMESAT-A Program for analyzing time-series of satellite sensor data. Computers & Geosciences, 30(8): 833-845. doi: 10.1016/j.cageo.2004.05.006
[32]	Konarska K M, Sutton P C, Castellon M, 2002. Evaluating scale dependence of ecosystem service valuation: a comparison of NOAA-AVHRR and Landsat TM datasets. Ecological Economics, 41(3): 491-507. doi: 10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00096-4
[33]	Li T H, Li W K, Qian Z H, 2010. Variations in ecosystem service value in response to land use changes in Shenzhen. Ecological Economics, 69(7): 1427-1435. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008. 05.018
[34]	Li X S, Wu B F, Wang H et al., 2011. Regional soil erosion risk assessment in Hai Basin. Journal of Remote Sensing, 15(2): 372-387. doi: 1007-4619 (2011) 02-372-16
[35]	Liu S L, Cui S L, Dong S K et al., 2008. Evaluating the influence of road networks on landscape and regional ecological risk: a case study in Lancang River Valley of Southwest China. Ecological Engineering, 34: 91-99. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008. 07.006
[36]	Liu S L, Dong Y H, Deng L et al., 2014. Forest fragmentation and landscape connectivity change associated with road network extension and city expansion: a case study in the Lancang River Valley. Ecological Indicators, 36: 160-168. doi: 10. 1016/j.ecolind.2013.07.018
[37]	Lufafa A, Tenywa M M, Isabirye M et al., 2003. Prediction of soil erosion in a Lake Victoria basin catchment using a GIS-based Universal Soil Loss model. Agricultural Systems, 76(3): 883-894. doi: 10.1016/S0308-521X(02)00012-4
[38]	Luo T X, 1996. Patterns of Net Primary Productivity for Chinese Major Forest Types and Its Mathematical Models. Chinese Academy of Sciences.
[39]	Miao C Y, Duan Q Y, Sun Q H et al., 2014. Assessment of CMIP5 climate models and projected temperature changes over Northern Eurasia. Environmental Research Letters, 9(5): 055007. doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/9/5/055007
[40]	Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Synthesis Report. Washington D C, Island Press. http://www.millenniumassessment.org/en/Synthesis.aspx.
[41]	McCann K S, 2000. The diversity-stability debate. Nature, 405(6783): 228-233. doi: 10.1038/35012234
[42]	Monteith J L, 1972. Solar radiation and productivity in tropical ecosystems. Journal of Applied Ecology, 9(3): 747-766. doi: 10.2307/2401901
[43]	Myneni R B, Maggion S, Iaquinta J et al., 1995. Optical remote sensing of vegetation: modeling, caveats, and algorithms. Remote Sensing of Environment, 51(1): 169-188. doi: 10.1016/0034-4257(94)00073-V
[44]	Nelson E, Mendoza G, Regetz J et al., 2009. Modeling multiple ecosystem services, biodiversity conservation, commodity production, and tradeoffs at landscape scales. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 7(1): 4-11. doi: 10.1890/080023
[45]	Ni J, 2004. Estimating net primary productivity of grasslands from field biomass measurements in temperate northern China. Plant Ecology, 174(2): 217-234. doi: 10.1023/B:VEGE.00000 49097.85960.10
[46]	Onaindia M, de Manuel B F, Madariaga I et al., 2013. Co-benefits and trade-offs between biodiversity, carbon storage and water flow regulation. Forest Ecology and Management, 289(1): 1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.10.010
[47]	Orme C D L, Davies R G, Burgess M et al., 2005. Global hotspot of species richness are not congruent with endemism or threat. Nature, 436(7053): 1016-1019. doi: 10.1038/nature03850
[48]	Potter C S, Randerson J T, Field C B et al., 1993. Terrestrial ecosystem production: a process model based on global satellite and surface data. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 7(4): 811- 841. doi: 10.1029/93GB02725
[49]	Potter C S, Klooster S A, Brooks V, 1999. Interannual variability in terrestrial net primary production: exploration of trends and controls on regional to global scales. Ecosystems, 2(1): 36-48. doi: 10.1007/s100219900056
[50]	Potter C S, Klooster S, Myneni R et al., 2003. Continental scale comparisons of terrestrial carbon sinks estimated from satellite data and ecosystem modeling 1982-1998. Global and Planetary Change, 39(3-4): 201-213. doi: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2003. 07.001
[51]	Prendergast J R, Quinn R M, Lawton J H et al., 1993. Rare species, the coincidence of diversity hotspot and conservation strategies. Nature, 365: 335-337. doi: 10.1038/365335a0
[52]	Reyers B, Polasky S, Heather T et al., 2012. Finding common ground for biodiversity and ecosystem services. Bioscience, 62(5): 503-507. doi: 10.1525/bio.2012.62.5.12
[53]	Sedjo R, Sohngen B, 2012. Carbon sequestration in forests and soils. Annual Review of Resource Economics (Annual Reviews), 4: 127-144. doi: 10.1146/annurev-resource-083110-115941
[54]	Tallis H T, Ricketts T, Nelson E et al., 2010. InVEST 1.005 Beta User's Guide. The Natural Capital Project. Stanford. United States Department of Agriculture, 1990. EPIC-Erosion/pro-ductivity Impact Calculator 1. Model Documentation. Technical Bulletin Number 1768. Washington DC.
[55]	Turner W R, Brandon K, Brooks T M et al., 2007. Global conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Bioscience, 57(10): 868-873. doi: 10.1641/B571009
[56]	Van JaarsveldA S, Freitag S, Chown S L et al., 1998. Biodiversity assessment and conservation strategies. Science, 279(5359): 2106-2108. doi: 10.1126/science.279.5359.2106
[57]	Van Remortel R D, Hamilton M E, Hickey R J, 2001. Estimating the LS-factor for RUSLE through iterative slope length processing of digital elevation data within ArcInfo grid. Cartography, 30(1): 27-35. doi: 10.1080/00690805.2001.9714133
[58]	Vitousek P M, Mooney H A, Lubchenco J et al., 1997. Human Domination of Earth's Ecosystems. Science, 277(5325): 494-499. doi: 10.1126/science.277.5325.494
[59]	Wischmeier W H, Smith D D, 1978. Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses—A Guide to Conservation Planning. Agriculture Handbooks (USA), No. 537, Washington D C.
[60]	Zhang C Q, Li W H, Zhang B et al., 2012. Water yield of Xitiaoxi River Basin based on InVEST Modeling. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 3(1): 50-54. doi: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2012. 01.008
[61]	Zhang K L, Shu A P, Xu X L et al., 2008. Soil erodibility and its estimation for agricultural soils in China. Journal of Arid Environments, 72(6): 1002-1011. doi: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007. 11.018
[62]	Zhang L, Dawes W R, Walker G R, 2001. Response of mean annual evapotranspiration to vegetation changes at catchment scale. Water Resources Research, 37(3): 701-708. doi: 10. 1029/2000WR900325
[63]	Zhao B, Kreuter U, Li B et al., 2004. An ecosystem service value assessment of land-use change on Chongming Island, China. Land Use Policy, 21(2): 139-148. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol. 2003.10.003
[64]	Zhou W Z, Liu G H, Pan J J et al., 2005. Distribution of available soil water capacity in China. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 15(1): 3-12. doi: 10.1007/BF02873101
[65]	Zhu W, Pan Y, He H et al., 2006. Simulation of maximum light use efficiency for some typical vegetation types in China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 51(4): 457-463. doi: 10.1007/s11434-006-0457-1

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Article Metrics

Article views(414) PDF downloads(780) Cited by()

Proportional views

Optimizing Hotspot Areas for Ecological Planning and Management Based on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China

Corresponding author: OUYANG Zhiyun

Received Date: 2015-05-25

Rev Recd Date: 2015-09-21

Publish Date: 2016-02-27

Key words:

Abstract: The significance of biodiversity and ecosystem services are gradually recognized by human as an approach towards sustainability, so it is important to understand relationships and congruence between them to support conservation planning, especially in the hotspot areas with a prominent role in conservation. However, the management of most conservation hotspots mainly focused on biodiversity, and rarely concerned with ecosystem services. With the aim of proposing criteria for conservation strategies that contribute to the optimization of biodiversity and ecosystem services, in this study, a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based approach was designed to estimate and map the biodiversity and ecosystem services in Chongqing Municipality of China. Furthermore, the distributions of hotspot areas for biodiversity and ecosystem services were mapped based on the relationship between cumulative ecosystem services and areas. Finally the statistical analysis was processed focused on specific conservation objectives. The results showed that hotspot areas can conserve the most biodiversity but with the least ecosystem services under the conservation plans target to biodiversity conservation. In contrast, depending on the ecosystem services of interest, hotspot areas can conserve the largest ecosystem services but with the least biodiversity. By integrating biodiversity and ecosystem services into conservation plan, we found that the conservation and regeneration of these small areas, would contribute to a conservation of 44% of the biodiversity hotspot and 14%-42% of the ecosystem services hotspot. Moreover, the current nature reserve selection was not maximize the biodiversity and ecosystem services compared to integration strategy, indicating that hotspot areas conservation and selection is vital for optimization protection of biodiversity and ecosystem services, and has practical significance for natural resources and ecosystem management.

HTML

Reference (65)

[1]	Allen R G, Pereira L S, Raes D et al., 1998. Crop Evapotranspiration-Guidelines for Computing Crop Water Requirements-FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56. Rome: FAO Press.
[2]	Bai Y, Zhuang C W, Ouyang Z et al., 2011. Spatial characteristics between biodiversity and ecosystem services in a human-dominated watershed. Ecological Complexity, 8(2): 177-183. doi: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2011.01.007
[3]	Balvanera P, Daily G C, Ehrlich P R et al., 2001. Conserving biodiversity and ecosystem services. Science, 291(5511): 2047. doi: 10.1126/science.291.5511.2047
[4]	Band L E, Hwang T, Hales T C et al., 2012. Ecosystem processes at the watershed scale: mapping and modeling ecohydrological controls of landslides. Geomorphology, 137(1): 159-167. doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.06.025
[5]	Bookbinder M P, Dinerstein E, Rijal A et al., 1998. Ecotourism's support of biodiversity conservation. Conservation Biology, 12(6): 1399-1404.
[6]	Budyko M I, 1974. Climate and Life. San Diego, California: Academic Press.
[7]	Canadell J, Jackson R B, Ehleringer J B et al., 1996. Maximum rooting depth of vegetation types at the global scale. Oecologia, 108(4): 583-595. doi: 10.1007/BF00329030
[8]	Chan K M A, Shaw M R, Cameron D R et al., 2006. Conservation planning for ecosystem services. PLoS Biology, 4(11): 2138-2152. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040379
[9]	Chen L, Xie G D, Zhang C S et al., 2011. Modelling ecosystem water supply services across the Lancang River Basin. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2(4): 322-327. doi: 10.3969/j.issn. 1674-764x.2011.04.005
[10]	Chen S T, Huang Y, Zou J W et al., 2012. Interannual variability in soil respiration from terrestrial ecosystems in China and its response to climate change. Science China Earth Sciences, 55(12): 2091-2098. doi: 10.1007/s11430-012-4464-6
[11]	Costanza R, d'Arge R, de Groot R et al., 1997. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature, 387(6630): 253-260.
[12]	Crabtree R, Potter C, Mullen R et al., 2009. A modeling and spatio-temporal analysis framework for monitoring environmental change using NPP as an ecosystem indicator. Remote Sensing of Environment, 113(7): 1486-1496. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2008. 12.014
[13]	Daily G C, Matson P A, 2008. Ecosystem services: from theory to implementation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105(28): 9455-9456. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0804960105
[14]	De Fries R S, Foley J A, Asner G P, 2004. Land-use choices: balancing human needs and ecosystem function. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 2(5): 249-257. doi: 10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002
[15]	De Groot R S, Alkemade R, Braat L et al., 2010. Challenges in integrating the concept of ecosystem services and values in landscape planning, management and decision making. Ecological Complexity, 7(3): 260-272. doi: 10.1016/j.ecocom. 2009.10.006
[16]	Droogers P, Allen R G, 2002. Estimating reference evapotranspiration under inaccurate data conditions. Irrigation and Drainage Systems, 16(1): 33-45. doi: 10.1023/A:1015508322413
[17]	Egoh B, Rouget M, Reyers B et al., 2007. Integrating ecosystem services into conservation assessments: a review. Ecological Economics, 63(4): 714-721. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.04. 007
[18]	Egoh B, Reyers B, Rouget M et al., 2008. Mapping ecosystem services for planning and management. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 127(1-2): 135-140. doi: 10.1016/j.agee. 2008.03.013
[19]	Egoh B, Reyers B, Rouget M et al., 2009. Spatial congruence between biodiversity and ecosystem services in South Africa. Biological Conservation, 142(3): 553-562. doi: 10.1016/j. biocon.2008.11.009
[20]	Eigenbrod F, Anderson B J, Armsworth P R et al., 2009. Ecosystem service benefits of contrasting conservation strategies in a human-dominated region. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 276(1699): 2903-2911. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2009.0528
[21]	Fu B J, Liu Y, Lu Y H et al., 2011. Assessing the soil erosion control service of ecosystems change in the Loess Plateau of China. Ecological Complexity, 8(4): 284-293. doi: 10.1016/j. ecocom.2011.07.003
[22]	Gao X, Huete A R, Ni W et al., 2000. Optical-biophysical relationships of vegetation spectra without background contamination. Remote Sensing of Environment, 74(3): 609-620. doi: 10.1016/S0034-4257(00)00150-4
[23]	Goldman R L, Tallis H, Kareiva P et al., 2008. Field evidence that ecosystem service projects support biodiversity and diversify options. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105(27): 9445-9448. doi: 10. 1073/pnas.0800208105
[24]	Hargreaves G H, Samani Z A, 1985. Reference crop evapotranspiration from temperature. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 1(2): 96-99.
[25]	Hewlett J D, 1982. Principles of Forest Hydrology. University of Georgia Press, Athens, Georgia, USA.
[26]	Hickey R, 2000. Slope angle and slope length solutions for GIS. Cartography, 29(1): 1-8. doi: 10.1080/00690805.2000.9714334
[27]	Hunter L M, Manuel D J, Gonzalez G et al., 2003. Population and land use change in the California Mojave: natural habitat implications of alternative futures. Population Research and Policy Review, 22(4): 373-397. doi: 10.1023/A:1027311225410
[28]	Janzen D H, 1998. Gardenification of wildland nature and the human footprint. Science, 279(5355): 1312-1313. doi: 10.1126/science.279.5355.1312
[29]	Jin Z, Qi Y C, Dong Y S, 2007. Storage of biomass and net primary productivity in desert shrubland of Artemisia ordosica on Ordos Plateau of Inner Mongolia, China. Journal of Forestry Research, 18(4): 298-300. doi: 10.1007/s11676-007-0059-z
[30]	Jonsson P, Eklundh L, 2002. Seasonality extraction by function fitting to time-series of satellite sensor data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 40(8): 1824-1932. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2002.802519
[31]	Jonsson P, Eklundh L, 2004. TIMESAT-A Program for analyzing time-series of satellite sensor data. Computers & Geosciences, 30(8): 833-845. doi: 10.1016/j.cageo.2004.05.006
[32]	Konarska K M, Sutton P C, Castellon M, 2002. Evaluating scale dependence of ecosystem service valuation: a comparison of NOAA-AVHRR and Landsat TM datasets. Ecological Economics, 41(3): 491-507. doi: 10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00096-4
[33]	Li T H, Li W K, Qian Z H, 2010. Variations in ecosystem service value in response to land use changes in Shenzhen. Ecological Economics, 69(7): 1427-1435. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008. 05.018
[34]	Li X S, Wu B F, Wang H et al., 2011. Regional soil erosion risk assessment in Hai Basin. Journal of Remote Sensing, 15(2): 372-387. doi: 1007-4619 (2011) 02-372-16
[35]	Liu S L, Cui S L, Dong S K et al., 2008. Evaluating the influence of road networks on landscape and regional ecological risk: a case study in Lancang River Valley of Southwest China. Ecological Engineering, 34: 91-99. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008. 07.006
[36]	Liu S L, Dong Y H, Deng L et al., 2014. Forest fragmentation and landscape connectivity change associated with road network extension and city expansion: a case study in the Lancang River Valley. Ecological Indicators, 36: 160-168. doi: 10. 1016/j.ecolind.2013.07.018
[37]	Lufafa A, Tenywa M M, Isabirye M et al., 2003. Prediction of soil erosion in a Lake Victoria basin catchment using a GIS-based Universal Soil Loss model. Agricultural Systems, 76(3): 883-894. doi: 10.1016/S0308-521X(02)00012-4
[38]	Luo T X, 1996. Patterns of Net Primary Productivity for Chinese Major Forest Types and Its Mathematical Models. Chinese Academy of Sciences.
[39]	Miao C Y, Duan Q Y, Sun Q H et al., 2014. Assessment of CMIP5 climate models and projected temperature changes over Northern Eurasia. Environmental Research Letters, 9(5): 055007. doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/9/5/055007
[40]	Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Synthesis Report. Washington D C, Island Press. http://www.millenniumassessment.org/en/Synthesis.aspx.
[41]	McCann K S, 2000. The diversity-stability debate. Nature, 405(6783): 228-233. doi: 10.1038/35012234
[42]	Monteith J L, 1972. Solar radiation and productivity in tropical ecosystems. Journal of Applied Ecology, 9(3): 747-766. doi: 10.2307/2401901
[43]	Myneni R B, Maggion S, Iaquinta J et al., 1995. Optical remote sensing of vegetation: modeling, caveats, and algorithms. Remote Sensing of Environment, 51(1): 169-188. doi: 10.1016/0034-4257(94)00073-V
[44]	Nelson E, Mendoza G, Regetz J et al., 2009. Modeling multiple ecosystem services, biodiversity conservation, commodity production, and tradeoffs at landscape scales. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 7(1): 4-11. doi: 10.1890/080023
[45]	Ni J, 2004. Estimating net primary productivity of grasslands from field biomass measurements in temperate northern China. Plant Ecology, 174(2): 217-234. doi: 10.1023/B:VEGE.00000 49097.85960.10
[46]	Onaindia M, de Manuel B F, Madariaga I et al., 2013. Co-benefits and trade-offs between biodiversity, carbon storage and water flow regulation. Forest Ecology and Management, 289(1): 1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.10.010
[47]	Orme C D L, Davies R G, Burgess M et al., 2005. Global hotspot of species richness are not congruent with endemism or threat. Nature, 436(7053): 1016-1019. doi: 10.1038/nature03850
[48]	Potter C S, Randerson J T, Field C B et al., 1993. Terrestrial ecosystem production: a process model based on global satellite and surface data. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 7(4): 811- 841. doi: 10.1029/93GB02725
[49]	Potter C S, Klooster S A, Brooks V, 1999. Interannual variability in terrestrial net primary production: exploration of trends and controls on regional to global scales. Ecosystems, 2(1): 36-48. doi: 10.1007/s100219900056
[50]	Potter C S, Klooster S, Myneni R et al., 2003. Continental scale comparisons of terrestrial carbon sinks estimated from satellite data and ecosystem modeling 1982-1998. Global and Planetary Change, 39(3-4): 201-213. doi: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2003. 07.001
[51]	Prendergast J R, Quinn R M, Lawton J H et al., 1993. Rare species, the coincidence of diversity hotspot and conservation strategies. Nature, 365: 335-337. doi: 10.1038/365335a0
[52]	Reyers B, Polasky S, Heather T et al., 2012. Finding common ground for biodiversity and ecosystem services. Bioscience, 62(5): 503-507. doi: 10.1525/bio.2012.62.5.12
[53]	Sedjo R, Sohngen B, 2012. Carbon sequestration in forests and soils. Annual Review of Resource Economics (Annual Reviews), 4: 127-144. doi: 10.1146/annurev-resource-083110-115941
[54]	Tallis H T, Ricketts T, Nelson E et al., 2010. InVEST 1.005 Beta User's Guide. The Natural Capital Project. Stanford. United States Department of Agriculture, 1990. EPIC-Erosion/pro-ductivity Impact Calculator 1. Model Documentation. Technical Bulletin Number 1768. Washington DC.
[55]	Turner W R, Brandon K, Brooks T M et al., 2007. Global conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Bioscience, 57(10): 868-873. doi: 10.1641/B571009
[56]	Van JaarsveldA S, Freitag S, Chown S L et al., 1998. Biodiversity assessment and conservation strategies. Science, 279(5359): 2106-2108. doi: 10.1126/science.279.5359.2106
[57]	Van Remortel R D, Hamilton M E, Hickey R J, 2001. Estimating the LS-factor for RUSLE through iterative slope length processing of digital elevation data within ArcInfo grid. Cartography, 30(1): 27-35. doi: 10.1080/00690805.2001.9714133
[58]	Vitousek P M, Mooney H A, Lubchenco J et al., 1997. Human Domination of Earth's Ecosystems. Science, 277(5325): 494-499. doi: 10.1126/science.277.5325.494
[59]	Wischmeier W H, Smith D D, 1978. Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses—A Guide to Conservation Planning. Agriculture Handbooks (USA), No. 537, Washington D C.
[60]	Zhang C Q, Li W H, Zhang B et al., 2012. Water yield of Xitiaoxi River Basin based on InVEST Modeling. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 3(1): 50-54. doi: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2012. 01.008
[61]	Zhang K L, Shu A P, Xu X L et al., 2008. Soil erodibility and its estimation for agricultural soils in China. Journal of Arid Environments, 72(6): 1002-1011. doi: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007. 11.018
[62]	Zhang L, Dawes W R, Walker G R, 2001. Response of mean annual evapotranspiration to vegetation changes at catchment scale. Water Resources Research, 37(3): 701-708. doi: 10. 1029/2000WR900325
[63]	Zhao B, Kreuter U, Li B et al., 2004. An ecosystem service value assessment of land-use change on Chongming Island, China. Land Use Policy, 21(2): 139-148. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol. 2003.10.003
[64]	Zhou W Z, Liu G H, Pan J J et al., 2005. Distribution of available soil water capacity in China. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 15(1): 3-12. doi: 10.1007/BF02873101
[65]	Zhu W, Pan Y, He H et al., 2006. Simulation of maximum light use efficiency for some typical vegetation types in China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 51(4): 457-463. doi: 10.1007/s11434-006-0457-1

Optimizing Hotspot Areas for Ecological Planning and Management Based on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

doi: 10.1007/s11769-016-0803-4

Abstract

References

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Article Metrics

Proportional views

Related