Regional Characteristics and Causes of Haze Events in Northeast China

CHEN Weiwei; ZHANG Shichun; TONG Quansong; ZHANG Xuelei; ZHAO Hongmei; MA Siqi; XIU Aijun; HE Yuexin

doi:10.1007/s11769-018-0965-3

Regional Characteristics and Causes of Haze Events in Northeast China

doi: 10.1007/s11769-018-0965-3

Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China

基金项目: Under the auspices of National Key R & D Program of China (No. 2017YFC0212303, 2017YFC0212304, 2017YFC0212301), Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. QYZDB-SSW-DQC045), Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2017275), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41775116, 41771071, 41575129)

详细信息

通讯作者:
CHEN Weiwei. E-mail:chenweiwei@iga.ac.cn;ZHANG Shichun. E-mail:zhangshichun@iga.ac.cn

Regional Characteristics and Causes of Haze Events in Northeast China

Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China

Funds: Under the auspices of National Key R & D Program of China (No. 2017YFC0212303, 2017YFC0212304, 2017YFC0212301), Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. QYZDB-SSW-DQC045), Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2017275), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41775116, 41771071, 41575129)

More Information

Corresponding author: CHEN Weiwei. E-mail:chenweiwei@iga.ac.cn;ZHANG Shichun. E-mail:zhangshichun@iga.ac.cn

摘要: Northeast China experiences severe atmospheric pollution, with an increasing occurrence of heavy haze episodes. However, the underlying forces driving haze formation during different seasons are poorly understood. In this study, we explored the spatio-temporal characteristics and causes of haze events in Northeast China by combining a range of data sources (i.e., ground monitoring, satellite-based products, and meteorological products). It was found that the ‘Shenyang-Changchun-Harbin (SCH)’ city belt was the most polluted area in the region on an annual scale. The spatial distribution of air quality index (AQI) values had a clear seasonality, with the worst pollution occurring in winter, an approximately oval-shaped polluted area around western Jilin Province in spring, and the best air quality occurring in summer and most of the autumn. The three periods that typically experienced intense haze events were Period I from mid-October to mid-November (i.e., late autumn and early winter), Period Ⅱ from late-December to February (i.e., the coldest time in winter), and Period Ⅲ from April to mid-May (i.e., spring). During Period I, strong PM_2.5 emissions from seasonal crop residue burning and coal burning for winter heating were the dominant reasons for the occurrence of extreme haze events (AQI > 300). Period Ⅱ had frequent heavy haze events (200 < AQI < 300) in the coldest months of January and February, which were due to high PM_2.5 emissions from coal burning and vehicle fuel consumption, a lower atmospheric boundary layer, and stagnant atmospheric conditions. Haze events in Period Ⅲ, with high PM₁₀ concentrations, were primarily caused by the regional transportation of windblown dust from degraded grassland in central Inner Mongolia and bare soil in western Jilin Province. Local agricultural tilling could also release PM₁₀ and enhance the levels of windblown dust from tilled soil. Better control of coal burning, fuel consumption, and crop residue burning in winter and autumn is urgently needed to address the haze problem in Northeast China.
- air quality /
- PM₁₀ /
- PM_2.5 /
- dust /
- agricultural activity /
- coal burning /
- fuel consumption
Abstract: Northeast China experiences severe atmospheric pollution, with an increasing occurrence of heavy haze episodes. However, the underlying forces driving haze formation during different seasons are poorly understood. In this study, we explored the spatio-temporal characteristics and causes of haze events in Northeast China by combining a range of data sources (i.e., ground monitoring, satellite-based products, and meteorological products). It was found that the ‘Shenyang-Changchun-Harbin (SCH)’ city belt was the most polluted area in the region on an annual scale. The spatial distribution of air quality index (AQI) values had a clear seasonality, with the worst pollution occurring in winter, an approximately oval-shaped polluted area around western Jilin Province in spring, and the best air quality occurring in summer and most of the autumn. The three periods that typically experienced intense haze events were Period I from mid-October to mid-November (i.e., late autumn and early winter), Period Ⅱ from late-December to February (i.e., the coldest time in winter), and Period Ⅲ from April to mid-May (i.e., spring). During Period I, strong PM_2.5 emissions from seasonal crop residue burning and coal burning for winter heating were the dominant reasons for the occurrence of extreme haze events (AQI > 300). Period Ⅱ had frequent heavy haze events (200 < AQI < 300) in the coldest months of January and February, which were due to high PM_2.5 emissions from coal burning and vehicle fuel consumption, a lower atmospheric boundary layer, and stagnant atmospheric conditions. Haze events in Period Ⅲ, with high PM₁₀ concentrations, were primarily caused by the regional transportation of windblown dust from degraded grassland in central Inner Mongolia and bare soil in western Jilin Province. Local agricultural tilling could also release PM₁₀ and enhance the levels of windblown dust from tilled soil. Better control of coal burning, fuel consumption, and crop residue burning in winter and autumn is urgently needed to address the haze problem in Northeast China.
- air quality /
- PM₁₀ /
- PM_2.5 /
- dust /
- agricultural activity /
- coal burning /
- fuel consumption

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Regional Characteristics and Causes of Haze Events in Northeast China

doi: 10.1007/s11769-018-0965-3

通讯作者:
CHEN Weiwei. E-mail:chenweiwei@iga.ac.cn;ZHANG Shichun. E-mail:zhangshichun@iga.ac.cn

Regional Characteristics and Causes of Haze Events in Northeast China

Corresponding author: CHEN Weiwei. E-mail:chenweiwei@iga.ac.cn;ZHANG Shichun. E-mail:zhangshichun@iga.ac.cn

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Regional Characteristics and Causes of Haze Events in Northeast China

doi: 10.1007/s11769-018-0965-3

Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China

通讯作者: CHEN Weiwei. E-mail:chenweiwei@iga.ac.cn;ZHANG Shichun. E-mail:zhangshichun@iga.ac.cn

English Abstract

Regional Characteristics and Causes of Haze Events in Northeast China

Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China

Corresponding author: CHEN Weiwei. E-mail:chenweiwei@iga.ac.cn;ZHANG Shichun. E-mail:zhangshichun@iga.ac.cn

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Regional Characteristics and Causes of Haze Events in Northeast China

doi: 10.1007/s11769-018-0965-3

通讯作者: CHEN Weiwei. E-mail:chenweiwei@iga.ac.cn;ZHANG Shichun. E-mail:zhangshichun@iga.ac.cn

Regional Characteristics and Causes of Haze Events in Northeast China

Corresponding author: CHEN Weiwei. E-mail:chenweiwei@iga.ac.cn;ZHANG Shichun. E-mail:zhangshichun@iga.ac.cn

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出版历程

Regional Characteristics and Causes of Haze Events in Northeast China

doi: 10.1007/s11769-018-0965-3

Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China

通讯作者: CHEN Weiwei. E-mail:chenweiwei@iga.ac.cn;ZHANG Shichun. E-mail:zhangshichun@iga.ac.cn

English Abstract

Regional Characteristics and Causes of Haze Events in Northeast China

Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China

Corresponding author: CHEN Weiwei. E-mail:chenweiwei@iga.ac.cn;ZHANG Shichun. E-mail:zhangshichun@iga.ac.cn

全文HTML

目录

通讯作者:
CHEN Weiwei. E-mail:chenweiwei@iga.ac.cn;ZHANG Shichun. E-mail:zhangshichun@iga.ac.cn