[1]
|
Adriaensen F, Chardon J P, De Blust G et al., 2003. The application of ‘least-cost’modelling as a functional landscape model. Landscape and Urban Planning, 64(4): 233-247. doi: 10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00242-6 |
[2]
|
Avril A, Léonard Y, Letty J et al., 2011. Natal dispersal of European hare in a high-density population. Mammalian Biology, 76(2): 148-156. doi: 10.1016/j.mambio.2010.07.001 |
[3]
|
Baker A. M, Mather P B, Hughes J M, 2001. Evidence for long-distance dispersal in a sedentary passerine, Gymnothina Tibicen (Artamidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 72(2): 333-343. doi: 10.1006/bij1.2000.0483 |
[4]
|
Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics, 2011. Beijing Statistic Book 2011. Beijing: China Statistics Press. |
[5]
|
Barreto L, Ribeiro M C, Veldkamp A et al., 2010. Exploring effective conservation networks based on multi-scale planning unit analysis. A case study of the Balsas sub-basin, Maranhão State, Brazil. Ecological Indicators, 10(5): 1055-1063. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2010.03.001 |
[6]
|
Battisti C, Luiselli L, 2011. Selecting focal species in ecological network planning following an expert-based approach, Italian reptiles as a case study. Journal for Nature Conservation, 19(2): 126-130. doi: 10.1016/j.jnc.2010.10.001 |
[7]
|
Belisle M, 2005. Measuring landscape connectivity, the challenge of behavioral landscape ecology. Ecology, 86(6): 1988-1995. doi: 10.1890/04-0923 |
[8]
|
Bernstein L, Bosch P, Canziani O et al., 2007. Climate Change 2007, Synthesis Report. Valencia: IPCC. |
[9]
|
Bifolchi A, Lode T, 2005. Efficiency of conservation shortcuts, an investigation with otters as umbrella species. Biological Conservation, 126(4): 523-527. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2005. 07.002 |
[10]
|
Brooker L, 2002. The application of focal species knowledge to landscape design in agricultural lands using the ecological neighborhood as a template. Landscape and Urban Planning, 60(4): 185-210. doi: 10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00055-5 |
[11]
|
Brown J L, Morales V, Summers K, 2009. Home range size and location in relation to reproductive resources in poison frogs (Dendrobatidae): A Monte Carlo approach using GIS data. Animal Behaviour, 77(2): 547-554. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav. 2008.10.002 |
[12]
|
Cale P G, 2003. The influence of social behaviour, dispersal and landscape fragmentation on population structure in a sedentary bird. Biological Conservation, 109(2): 237-248. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3207(02)00152-0 |
[13]
|
Calvete C, Estrada R, 2004. Short-term survival and dispersal of translocated European wild rabbits. Improving the release protocol. Biological Conservation, 120(4): 507-516. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2004.03.023 |
[14]
|
Charles T, Garten J, 1995. Dispersal of radioactivity by wildlife from contaminated sites in a forested landscape. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 29(2): 137-156. doi: 10.1016/0265-931X(94)00068-8 |
[15]
|
Chase M K, Kristan W B, Lynam A J et al., 2000. Single species as indicators of species richness and composition in California coastal sage scrub birds and small mammals. Conservation Biology, 14(2): 474-487. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000. 98312.x |
[16]
|
Conceição K S, de Oliveira V M, 2010. Habitat fragmentation effects on biodiversity patterns. Physica A, 389(17): 3496-3502. doi: 10.1016/j.physa.2010.04.036 |
[17]
|
Devillard S, Aubineau J, Berger F et al., 2008. Home range of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in three contrasting French populations. Mammalian Biology, 73(2): 128-137. doi: 10.1016/j.mambio.2007.01.003 |
[18]
|
Driezena K, Adriaensen F, Rondinini C et al., 2007. Evaluating least-cost model predictions with empirical dispersal data: A case study using radiotracking data of hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus). Ecological Modelling, 209(2-4): 314-322. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.07.002 |
[19]
|
Fasola M, Hafner H, Kayser Y et al., 2002. Individual dispersal among colonies of Little Egrets Egretta garzetta. Ibis, 144(2): 192-199. doi: 10.1046/j.1474-919X.2002.00060.x |
[20]
|
Fischer J, Lindenmayer D B, 2002. Small patches can be valuable for biodiversity conservation: two case studies on birds in southeastern Australia. Biological Conservation, 106(1): 129-136. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00241-5 |
[21]
|
Gardner J L, Magrath R D, Kokko H, 2003. Stepping stones of life, natal dispersal in the group-living but noncooperative speckled warbler. Animal Behaviour, 66: 521-530. doi: 10.1006/anbe.2003.2206 |
[22]
|
Griffin S C, Taper M L, Hoffman R et al., 2008. The case of the missing marmots: Are metapopulation dynamics or range-wide declines responsible? Biological Conservation, 141(5): 1293-1309. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2008.03.001 |
[23]
|
Gurrutxaga M, Lozano P, Barrio G, 2010. GIS-based approach for incorporating the connectivity of ecological networks into regional planning. Journal for Nature Conservation, 18(4): 318-326. doi: 10.1016/j.jnc.2010.01.005 |
[24]
|
Hepcan ?, Hepcan Ç C, Bouwma I M et al., 2009. Ecological networks as a new approach for nature conservation in Turkey: A case study of Izmir Province. Landscape and Urban Planning, 90(3): 143-154. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008.10. 023 |
[25]
|
Hong S K, Nakagoshi N, Fu B J et al., 2007. Landscape Ecological Applications in Man-Influenced Areas-Linking Man and Nature Systems. The Netherlands: Springer, 57-69. |
[26]
|
Jokimäki J, Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki M, Suhonen J et al., 2011. Merging wildlife community ecology with animal behavioral ecology for a better urban landscape planning. Landscape and Urban Planning, 100(4): 383-385. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan. 2011.02.001 |
[27]
|
Jongman R H G, Külvik M, Kristiansen I, 2004. European ecological networks and greenways. Landscape and Urban Planning, 68(2-3): 305-319. doi: 10.1016/S0169-2046(03)00163-4 |
[28]
|
Knaapen J P, Scheffer M, Harms B, 1992. Estimating habitat isolation in landscape planning. Landscape and Urban Planning, 23(1): 1-16. doi: 10.1016/0169-2046(92)90060-D |
[29]
|
Li Feng, Wang Rusong, Paulussen J et al., 2005. Comprehensive concept planning of urban greening based on ecological principles, a case study in Beijing, China. Landscape and Urban Planning, 72(4): 325-336. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.04. 002 |
[30]
|
Liu Yi, 2010. Study on Distribution Influncing Factors of Plant Diversity and Management in Beijing. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University. (in Chinese) |
[31]
|
Lookingbill T R, Elmore A J, Engelhardt K A M et al., 2010. Influence of wetland networks on bat activity in mixed-use landscapes. Biological Conservation, 143(4): 974-983. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2010.01.011 |
[32]
|
McHugh N, Thompson S, 2011. A rapid ecological network assessment tool and its use in locating habitat extension areas in a changing landscape. Journal for Nature Conservation, 19(4): 236-244. doi: 10.1016/j.jnc.2011.02.002 |
[33]
|
Merckx T, Feber R E, Dulieu R L et al., 2009. Effect of field margins on moths depends on species mobility: Field-based evidence for landscape-scale conservation. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 129(1-3): 302-309. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2008.10.004 |
[34]
|
Nathan R, 2005. Long-distance dispersal research: Building a network of yellow brick roads. Diversity and Distributions, 11(2): 125-130. doi: 10.1111/j.1366-9516.2005.00159.x |
[35]
|
Opdam P, Pouwels R, van Rooij S et al., 2008. Setting biodiversity targets in participatory regional planning: Introducing ecoprofiles. Ecology and Society, 13(1): 20-35. |
[36]
|
Opdam P, Steingrover E, van Rooij S, 2006. Ecological networks: A spatial concept for multi-actor planning of sustainable landscapes. Landscape and Urban Planning, 75(3-4): 322-332. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2005.02.015 |
[37]
|
Petit J N, Hoddle M S, Grandgirard J et al., 2008. Short-distance dispersal behavior and establishment of the parasitoid Gonatocerus ashmeadi (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in Tahiti: Implications for its use as a biological control agent against Homalodisca vitripennis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). Biological Control, 45(3): 344-352. doi: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.01. 020 |
[38]
|
Pino J, Marull J, 2012. Ecological networks: Are they enough for connectivity conservation? A case study in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region (NE Spain). Land Use Policy, 29(3): 684-690. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2011.11.004 |
[39]
|
Rabinowitz A, Zeller K A, 2010. A range-wide model of landscape connectivity and conservation for the jaguar, Panthera onca. Biological Conservation, 143(4): 939-945. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2010.01.002 |
[40]
|
Roedenbeck I A, Voser P, 2008. Effects of roads on spatial distribution, abundance and mortality of brown hare (Lepus europaeus) in Switzerland. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 54(3): 425-437. doi: 10.1007/s10344-007-0166-3 |
[41]
|
Sanderson E W, Redford K H, Vedder A et al., 2002. A conceptual model for conservation planning based on landscape species requirements. Landscape and Urban Planning, 58(1): 41-56. doi: 10.1016/S0169-2046(01)00231-6 |
[42]
|
Shrestha M K, York A M, Boone C G et al., 2012. Land fragmentation due to rapid urbanization in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area: Analyzing the spatiotemporal patterns and drivers. Applied Geography, 32(2): 522-531. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeog. 2011.04.004 |
[43]
|
Silva M, Hartling L, Opps S B, 2005. Small mammals in agricultural landscapes of Prince Edward Island (Canada): Effects of habitat characteristics at three different spatial scales. Biological Conservation, 126(4): 556-568. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon. 2005.07.007 |
[44]
|
Solé R V, Alonso D, Saldaña J, 2004. Habitat fragmentation and biodiversity collapse in neutral communities. Ecological Complexity, 1(1): 65-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2003.12.003 |
[45]
|
Tweed E J, Foster J T, Woodworth B L et al., 2003. Survival, dispersal, and home-range establishment of reintroduced captive-bred puaiohi, Myadestes palmeri. Biological Conservation, 111(1): 1-9. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3207(02)00175-1 |
[46]
|
Uezu A, Metzger J P, Vielliard J M E, 2005. Effects of structural and functional connectivity and patch size on the abundance of seven Atlantic Forest bird species. Biological Conservation, 123(4): 507-519. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2005.01.001 |
[47]
|
van Langevelde F, 2000. Scale of habitat connectivity and colonization in fragmented nuthatch populations. Ecography, 23(5): 614-622. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0587.2000.230512.x |
[48]
|
Vogt P, Ferrari J R, Lookingbill T R et al., 2009. Mapping functional connectivity. Ecological Indicator, 9(1): 64-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2008.01.011 |
[49]
|
Vos C C, Verboom J, Opdam P F M et al., 2001. Toward ecologically scaled landscape indices. The American Naturalist, 183(1): 24-41. doi: 10.1086/317004 |
[50]
|
Vuilleumier S, Prelaz-Droux R, 2002. Map of ecological networks for landscape planning. Landscape and Urban Planning, 58(2-4): 157-170. doi: 10.1016/S0169-2046(01)00218-3 |
[51]
|
Wiktander U, Olsson O, Nilsson S G, 2001. Seasonal variation in home-range size, and habitat area requirement of the lesser spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos minor) in southern Sweden. Biological Conservation, 100(3): 387-395. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00045-3 |
[52]
|
Yamaura Y, Ikeno S, Sano M et al., 2009. Bird responses to broad-leaved forest patch area in a plantation landscape across seasons. Biological Conservation, 142(10): 2155-2165. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2009.04.015 |
[53]
|
Young A J, Oosthuizen M K, Lutermann H et al., 2010. Physiological suppression eases in Damaraland mole-rat societies when ecological constraints on dispersal are relaxed. Hormones and Behavior, 57(2): 177-183. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh. 2009.10.011 |
[54]
|
Yu Kongjian., Wang Sisi, Li Dihua et al., 2009. The function of ecological security patterns as an urban growth framework in Beijing. Acta Ecological Sinica, 29(3): 1189-1204. (in Chinese) |
[55]
|
Zetterberg A, Mörtberg U M, Balfors B, 2010. Making graph theory operational for landscape ecological assessments, planning, and design. Landscape and Urban Planning, 95(4): 181-191. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.01.002 |
[56]
|
Zhang Liquan, Wang Haizhen, 2006. Planning an ecological network of Xiamen Island (China) using landscape metrics and network analysis. Landscape and Urban Planning, 78(4): 449-456. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2005.12.004 |
[57]
|
Zhang Tielou, Tian Hengjiu, Shi Yang et al., 2009. Studies on migration patterns and monitoring method of the water birds in Beijing. Sichuan Journal of Zoology, 28(6): 889-892. (in Chinese) |
[58]
|
Zhang Zhiming, Zhang Linyuan, Hu Yuan et al., 2003. Urban ecology and wildlife conservation and management in Beijing. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Science), 2(1): 40-44. (in Chinese) |