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Spatial Downscaling of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Pre-cipitation Using Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging over the Lancang River Basin, China

LI Yungang,  ZHANG Yueyuan,  HE Daming,  LUO Xian,  JI Xuan

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文章导航 > Chinese Geographical Science  > 2019 >  20(3): 446-462
LI Yungang, ZHANG Yueyuan, HE Daming, LUO Xian, JI Xuan. Spatial Downscaling of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Pre-cipitation Using Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging over the Lancang River Basin, China[J]. 中国地理科学, 2019, 20(3): 446-462. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1033-3
引用本文: LI Yungang, ZHANG Yueyuan, HE Daming, LUO Xian, JI Xuan. Spatial Downscaling of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Pre-cipitation Using Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging over the Lancang River Basin, China[J]. 中国地理科学, 2019, 20(3): 446-462. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1033-3
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LI Yungang, ZHANG Yueyuan, HE Daming, LUO Xian, JI Xuan. Spatial Downscaling of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Pre-cipitation Using Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging over the Lancang River Basin, China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2019, 20(3): 446-462. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1033-3
Citation: LI Yungang, ZHANG Yueyuan, HE Daming, LUO Xian, JI Xuan. Spatial Downscaling of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Pre-cipitation Using Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging over the Lancang River Basin, China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2019, 20(3): 446-462. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1033-3
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Spatial Downscaling of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Pre-cipitation Using Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging over the Lancang River Basin, China

doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1033-3
  • 1.

    Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China;

  • 2.

    Yunnan Key Laboratory of Inter-national Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China

基金项目: Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41661099); the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. Grant 2016YFA0601601)
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    HE Daming. E-mail:dmhe@ynu.edu.cn

Spatial Downscaling of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Pre-cipitation Using Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging over the Lancang River Basin, China

  • 1.

    Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China;

  • 2.

    Yunnan Key Laboratory of Inter-national Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China

Funds: Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41661099); the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. Grant 2016YFA0601601)
More Information
    Corresponding author: HE Daming. E-mail:dmhe@ynu.edu.cn

  • 摘要: Satellite-based precipitation products have been widely used to estimate precipitation, especially over regions with sparse rain gauge networks. However, the low spatial resolution of these products has limited their application in localized regions and watersheds. This study investigated a spatial downscaling approach, Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging (GWRK), to downscale the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B43 Version 7 over the Lancang River Basin (LRB) for 2001-2015. Downscaling was performed based on the relationships between the TRMM precipitation and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Land Surface Temperature (LST), and the Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Geographical ratio analysis (GRA) was used to calibrate the annual downscaled precipitation data, and the monthly fractions derived from the original TRMM data were used to disaggregate annual downscaled and calibrated precipitation to monthly precipitation at 1 km resolution. The final downscaled precipitation datasets were validated against station-based observed precipitation in 2001-2015. Results showed that:1) The TRMM 3B43 precipitation was highly accurate with slight overestimation at the basin scale (i.e., CC (correlation coefficient)=0.91, Bias=13.3%). Spatially, the accuracies of the upstream and downstream regions were higher than that of the midstream region. 2) The annual downscaled TRMM precipitation data at 1 km spatial resolution obtained by GWRK effectively captured the high spatial variability of precipitation over the LRB. 3) The annual downscaled TRMM precipitation with GRA calibration gave better accuracy compared with the original TRMM dataset. 4) The final downscaled and calibrated precipitation had significantly improved spatial resolution, and agreed well with data from the validated rain gauge stations, i.e., CC=0.75, RMSE (root mean square error)=182 mm, MAE (mean absolute error)=142 mm, and Bias=0.78% for annual precipitation and CC=0.95, RMSE=25 mm, MAE=16 mm, and Bias=0.67% for monthly precipitation.
    Abstract: Satellite-based precipitation products have been widely used to estimate precipitation, especially over regions with sparse rain gauge networks. However, the low spatial resolution of these products has limited their application in localized regions and watersheds. This study investigated a spatial downscaling approach, Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging (GWRK), to downscale the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B43 Version 7 over the Lancang River Basin (LRB) for 2001-2015. Downscaling was performed based on the relationships between the TRMM precipitation and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Land Surface Temperature (LST), and the Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Geographical ratio analysis (GRA) was used to calibrate the annual downscaled precipitation data, and the monthly fractions derived from the original TRMM data were used to disaggregate annual downscaled and calibrated precipitation to monthly precipitation at 1 km resolution. The final downscaled precipitation datasets were validated against station-based observed precipitation in 2001-2015. Results showed that:1) The TRMM 3B43 precipitation was highly accurate with slight overestimation at the basin scale (i.e., CC (correlation coefficient)=0.91, Bias=13.3%). Spatially, the accuracies of the upstream and downstream regions were higher than that of the midstream region. 2) The annual downscaled TRMM precipitation data at 1 km spatial resolution obtained by GWRK effectively captured the high spatial variability of precipitation over the LRB. 3) The annual downscaled TRMM precipitation with GRA calibration gave better accuracy compared with the original TRMM dataset. 4) The final downscaled and calibrated precipitation had significantly improved spatial resolution, and agreed well with data from the validated rain gauge stations, i.e., CC=0.75, RMSE (root mean square error)=182 mm, MAE (mean absolute error)=142 mm, and Bias=0.78% for annual precipitation and CC=0.95, RMSE=25 mm, MAE=16 mm, and Bias=0.67% for monthly precipitation.
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2018-03-06
  • 刊出日期:  2019-06-01

Spatial Downscaling of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Pre-cipitation Using Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging over the Lancang River Basin, China

doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1033-3
  • 1. Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China;
  • 2. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Inter-national Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
    • 基金项目:  Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41661099); the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. Grant 2016YFA0601601)
    通讯作者: HE Daming. E-mail:dmhe@ynu.edu.cn
  • 收稿日期: 2018-03-06
  • 刊出日期: 2019-06-01

摘要: Satellite-based precipitation products have been widely used to estimate precipitation, especially over regions with sparse rain gauge networks. However, the low spatial resolution of these products has limited their application in localized regions and watersheds. This study investigated a spatial downscaling approach, Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging (GWRK), to downscale the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B43 Version 7 over the Lancang River Basin (LRB) for 2001-2015. Downscaling was performed based on the relationships between the TRMM precipitation and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Land Surface Temperature (LST), and the Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Geographical ratio analysis (GRA) was used to calibrate the annual downscaled precipitation data, and the monthly fractions derived from the original TRMM data were used to disaggregate annual downscaled and calibrated precipitation to monthly precipitation at 1 km resolution. The final downscaled precipitation datasets were validated against station-based observed precipitation in 2001-2015. Results showed that:1) The TRMM 3B43 precipitation was highly accurate with slight overestimation at the basin scale (i.e., CC (correlation coefficient)=0.91, Bias=13.3%). Spatially, the accuracies of the upstream and downstream regions were higher than that of the midstream region. 2) The annual downscaled TRMM precipitation data at 1 km spatial resolution obtained by GWRK effectively captured the high spatial variability of precipitation over the LRB. 3) The annual downscaled TRMM precipitation with GRA calibration gave better accuracy compared with the original TRMM dataset. 4) The final downscaled and calibrated precipitation had significantly improved spatial resolution, and agreed well with data from the validated rain gauge stations, i.e., CC=0.75, RMSE (root mean square error)=182 mm, MAE (mean absolute error)=142 mm, and Bias=0.78% for annual precipitation and CC=0.95, RMSE=25 mm, MAE=16 mm, and Bias=0.67% for monthly precipitation.

English Abstract

LI Yungang, ZHANG Yueyuan, HE Daming, LUO Xian, JI Xuan. Spatial Downscaling of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Pre-cipitation Using Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging over the Lancang River Basin, China[J]. 中国地理科学, 2019, 20(3): 446-462. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1033-3
引用本文: LI Yungang, ZHANG Yueyuan, HE Daming, LUO Xian, JI Xuan. Spatial Downscaling of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Pre-cipitation Using Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging over the Lancang River Basin, China[J]. 中国地理科学, 2019, 20(3): 446-462. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1033-3
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LI Yungang, ZHANG Yueyuan, HE Daming, LUO Xian, JI Xuan. Spatial Downscaling of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Pre-cipitation Using Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging over the Lancang River Basin, China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2019, 20(3): 446-462. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1033-3
Citation: LI Yungang, ZHANG Yueyuan, HE Daming, LUO Xian, JI Xuan. Spatial Downscaling of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Pre-cipitation Using Geographically Weighted Regression Kriging over the Lancang River Basin, China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2019, 20(3): 446-462. doi: 10.1007/s11769-019-1033-3
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